The Project Gutenberg eBook of Hassan : the story of Hassan of Bagdad, and how he came to make the golden journey to Samarkand : a play in five acts

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Title: Hassan : the story of Hassan of Bagdad, and how he came to make the golden journey to Samarkand : a play in five acts

Author: James Elroy Flecker

Release date: March 1, 2003 [eBook #3834]

Most recently updated: January 9, 2021

Language: English

Credits: Produced by Geoffrey Cowling

*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK HASSAN : THE STORY OF HASSAN OF BAGDAD, AND HOW HE CAME TO MAKE THE GOLDEN JOURNEY TO SAMARKAND : A PLAY IN FIVE ACTS ***

Produced by Geoffrey Cowling <gcowling@laurel.ocs.mq.edu.au>

or <ifni_au@yahoo.com>

HASSAN:

THE STORY OF HASSAN OF BAGDAD

AND HOW HE CAME TO MAKE

THE GOLDEN JOURNEY TO SAMARKAND

A play in five acts

By James Elroy Flecker

CHARACTERS

HASSAN, a Confectioner

The CALIPH HAROUN AR RASCHID

ISHAK, his Minstrel

JAFAR, his Vizier

MASRUR, his Executioner

RAFI, King of the Beggars

SELIM, a friend of Hassan's

THE CAPTAIN OF THE MILITARY

THE CHIEF OF THE POLICE

ALI, ABDU Nondescripts

ALDER WILLOW <JUNIPER> TAMARISK Slaves

THE PORTER of Yasmin's House

THE CHINESE PHILOSOPHER

A DERVISH

THE FOUNTAIN GHOST

A HERALD

THE PRISON GUARDS

PERVANEH

YASMIN

An AMBASSADOR, a WRESTLER, a CALLIGRAPHIST, a JESTER, GHOSTS, MUTES, DANCING WOMEN, BEGGARS, SOLDIERS, POLICE, ATTENDANTS and CASUAL LOITERERS

THE STORY OF HASSAN OF BAGDAD

ACT I

SCENE I

A room "behind the shop" in Old Bagdad. In the background a large caldron steaming, for the shop is a sweet-stuff shop and the sugar is boiling. The room has little furniture beyond the carpet, old but unexpectedly choice, and some Persian hangings (geometrical designs, with crude animals and some verses from the Koran hand-printed on linen). A ramshackle wooden partition in one corner shuts off from a living room what appears to be the shop.

Squatting on the carpet—facing each other:

HASSAN, the Confectioner, 45, rotund, moustache, turban, greasy grey dress.

SELIM, his friend, young, vulgarly handsome, gaudily clothed.

HASSAN

(Rocking on his mat) Eywallah, Eywallah!

SELIM Thirty-seven times have you made the same remark, O father of repetition.

HASSAN

(More dolefully than ever) Eywallah, Eywallah!

SELIM Have you caught fever? Is your chest narrow, or your belly thunderous?

HASSAN

(With a ponderous sigh) Eywallah!

SELIM Is that the merchant of sweetmeats, that sour face? O poisoner of children, surely it would be better to cut the knot of reluctance and uncord the casket of explanation. And the poet Antari has justly remarked:

Divide your sorrow and impart your grief, O fool.

That good man comforteth beyond belief, O fool.

HASSAN

(Inclining towards the mat) None is good, save God.

And Abou Awas has excellently sung:

The importunate

Are seldom fortunate.

Nevertheless, know, Selim, that I am in love.

SELIM In love! Then why sit moaning on the mat? Are there not beauties at the barbers, and lights of love at the bazaar?

HASSAN (Angrily) Hold your tongue, Selim, or leave me. I was in earnest when I said I loved, and your coarseness is ill-fitting to my mood. And well I know I am Hassan, the Confectioner, yet I can love as sincerely as Mejnun; for assuredly she of whom my heart is bent is not less fair than Leila.

SELIM (Ironically) Alas! I mistook the particular for the general, and did not recognise the purity of your intentions. But I would not mention Mejnun. Mejnun was young, and you are old, and he was a prince, and you are a Confectioner, and he was beautiful, and you are not, and he was very thin because of his sorrow, and you are fatter than those four-legged I mention not— God curse their herdsmen!

HASSAN And if it be as you say, Selim, if I am indeed a fat, old, ugly tradesman, have I not good reason to be sorry and rock upon my mat, for how shall maintain my heart's desire?

SELIM Listen to me, Hassan, why is it that in this last year you have become different from the Hassan that was Hassan? From time to time you talk strangely in your cups, like a mad poet; and you have bought a lute and a carpet too fine for your house. And now I feel you are losing your senses when I hear this talk of love from one who is past the age of folly.

HASSAN

It may be so, young man. Indeed, a think I am a fool.

It is the affliction of Allah.

SELIM Tell me, at least, who she is. It may be she is not so unattainable as you imagine, unless indeed you have set eyes on the Caliph's daughter, or on the Queen of all the Jinn.

HASSAN Listen, Selim, and I will tell you my affair. Three days ago a woman came here to buy loukoum of me, dressed as a widow, and bade me follow her to her door with a parcel. Alas, Selim! I could see her eyes beneath her veil, and they were like the twin fountains in the Caliph's garden; and her lips beneath her veil were like roses hidden in moss, and her waist was flexible as a palm-tree swaying in the wind, and her hips were large and heavy and round, like water melons in the season of water melons. I glanced at her but she would not smile, and I sighed but she would not glance, and the door of her house shut fast against me, like the gate of paradise against an infidel. Eywallah! (Recommences moaning.)

SELIM And where was the house of this widow who bought sweetmeats and had none to sell?

HASSAN

In the street of Felicity, by the fountain of the Two Pigeons.

SELIM (Musing) It must be the widow of that Achmet they hung last year by the Basra Gate.

HASSAN

Which Achmet?

SELIM

The hairy one.

HASSAN

Istagfurallah! He fluttered like a bird. May I never soar so high.

SELIM Istagfurallah! May I see you! I should burst with laughter and vultures with repletion. But tell me, you who have fallen so deeply in love, do you rejoice in your misfortune like a dervish in his dirt, or do you honestly desire satisfaction?

HASSAN

I desire satisfaction Selim. But I pray you talk no more of this.

SELIM Well, take courage, faint heart, since all things can be cured save perversity in asses. Perhaps I can cure you of love.

HASSAN

By the Prophet, Selim, do not cure my love, cure her indifference.

SELIM

(With sudden alertness) There is only one way of doing that.

HASSAN

Which way?

SELIM

Do you believe in magic, Hassan?

HASSAN

Men who think themselves wise believe nothing till the proof.

Men who are wise believe anything till the disproof.

SELIM What do we know if magic be a lie or not? But since it is certain that only magic can avail you, you may as well put it to the test. You can buy a philtre that can draw her love, and send her a jar of magic sweets.

HASSAN I am ready to all things, ingenious Selim; but do you know a good magician?

SELIM Zachariah, the Jew, has but lately arrived from Aleppo: he is the talk of all the market place, and a wonderful man if tales be true.

HASSAN

Have you the tales?

SELIM I have this among many. They say that in Bokhara a man called him an offensive Jew and flung a stone at his head: and he caused the stone to be suspended in the air and the man too, so that the man walked all round Bokhara over the heads of the passers-by, who were astonished, and was constrained to enter his house by the upper window.

HASSAN

(Incredulous) Mashallah!

SELIM And stranger than that. At Ispahan men say he took off the dome of the Great Mosque and turned it round and had a bath in it, and put it back again.

HASSAN

Mashallah!

SELIM And strangest of all, at Cairo, for the amusement of the Sultan, he turned the whole population into apes for half an hour.

HASSAN A very trifling change if you knew the Egyptians. I don't believe a word of all these tales. Yet, doubtless he is as good enough physician to make a love philtre. But are philtres any good?

SELIM There can be no doubt that there are philtres which drive women to love, though their hearts be as strong and their heads as cold as the mountains of Qaf. But as for this Zachariah, I know he sells philtres at ten dinars the bottle: his shop is crowded with rich old women.

HASSAN Eywallah, Salim, I am sick of love; but no damsel is worth ten dinars. And sages have remarked, "the ideal is expensive!" And philosophers have observed, "There are a thousand figs on the fig-tree and all as like as like."

SELIM What! All the smooth, shining hills and well-wooded valleys in that country of love…All going for ten dinars!… And this is the man whose love is like Mejnun's! What is ten dinars to a man in love? You gave thrice that sum for this carpet.

HASSAN A carpet is a carpet, and a woman is is a woman. It is not only the ten dinars. But you know that in this market I have a character. "Hassan", men say, "is a safe man. Hassan will not leave his jacket on the wall, or buy peas without prodding the sack." But if they hear: "A stranger came to Bagdad and no Mussulman and said he would do this, and Hassan has paid him ten dinars and got no gain", they will nudge each other when I walk abroad at evening, and say: "A sad end"; and another "Look at him, Saadet, my son, and drink no wine"; and another, "God preserve me from the friends of such a one!" and they will call out to me as they pass, "Ya Hassan, give me ten dinars that I may build a mosque!" and I will be shamed where I was honoured, and abased where I was exalted….

(A loud knocking on the floor of the adjacent shop causes HASSAN to retire thither hurriedly. As he disappears YASMIN peeps inquisitively, unveiled, through the little window in the partition.)

SELIM What an impudent little beauty…. Why, she had a widow's scarf on. She must be the princess! (Rocks with laughter) The unattainable ideal! And I have her address. It requires a frenzied lover to pay cash for a flask of coloured water. But I doubt if Hassan's sweets mingled with coloured water will do aught but can make her sick. Whereas a cake stuffed with those very dinars…. Allah, the dinars would not choke her! O thou fool Hassan!

Tell not thy shirt who smiled and answered "Yes":

Dream not her name, nor fancy her address.

(Enter Hassan, pale and staggering.)

HASSAN Selim, in the name of friendship, take these ten dinars and buy me that philtre, and return with speed.

SELIM

(Feigning irritation) Allah! Am I your messenger?

Go yourself to the Jew.

HASSAN I must prepare the sweetmeats this very hour, to send them to her before sunset. In the name of friendship, Selim, take the dinars and purchase me that philtre.

SELIM (Rising and taking dinars) Do not make me chargeable, O Hassan, if the philtre is without effect. I only repeat what I have heard.

HASSAN No, I will not blame you. But go quickly for the magic that nothing may be left unsampled that may prove beneficial.

(Exit SELIM; HASSAN makes up the fire and prepares his caldron, saying meanwhile)

That young man weareth out my carpet apace. I begin to think also he doth fray the braid of my affection. But if he buys me a good philtre I will forgive him. Oh, cruel destiny, thou hast made me a common man with a common trade. My friends are fellows from the market, and all my worthless family is dead. Had I been rich, ah me! how deep had been my delight in matters of the soul, in poetry and music and pictures, and companions who do not jeer and grin, and above all, and in the colours of rich carpets and expensive silks. But be content, O artist: thou hast one carpet; be content, O confectioner: thou hast one love—one love, but unattained…yet hadst thou been rich, O confectioner, never hadst thou found her.

Now I will make her sweets, such sweets, ah me! as never I made in my life before. I will make her sweets like globes of crystal, like cubes of jade, like polygons of ruby. I will make her sweets like flowers. Great red roses, passionate carnations, raying daisies, violets, and curly hyacinths. I will perfume my roses (may they melt sweetly in her lips) with the perfume of roses, so that she shall say "a rose"! and smell before she tastes. And in the heart of each flower I will distil one drop of the magic of love. Did I not say "they shall be flowers"?

SCENE II

Moonlight. The Street of Felicity by the Fountain of the Two Pigeons.

A house with a balcony on either side of the street.

In front of one of the houses, HASSAN, cloaked: a PORTER.

HASSAN

Has she received the box, O guardian of the door of separation?

PORTER

From my hands, O dispenser of bounty.

HASSAN

What did thy mistress say?

PORTER

Sir, the hands of mediation are empty.

HASSAN

(Giving a dinar) I have filled them.

What honey dropped from that golden mouth?

PORTER She said—may thy servant find grace—"Curses on that fat sugar cook and his love-sick eyes. Allah be praised, his confectionery is better than his countenance!"

HASSAN

(Aside) If she likes the confectionery, all may be well.

And what didst thou reply?

PORTER: I said: "His sweets sparkle like diamonds and rubies in the crown of OUR Caliph, and his sugar is as pure as his intentions." And she answered—the protection on thy slave—"his intentions may be pure, but his coat is greasy."

HASSAN

And did she eat the confectionery?

PORTER I do not know. But within the hour I removed the box, and it was empty.

HASSAN

Ah! Salaam and thanks.

PORTER

And to thee the Salaam.

HASSAN

But tell me what is the name of thy mistress?

PORTER

Yasmin is her name, Sir.

HASSAN

A sweet name for a moonlight night. Salaam aleikum.

PORTER

Ya Hawaja, v'aleikum assalam!

(The PORTER returns and shuts the gate.)

HASSAN (To himself) What if the Jews are an older race than we and know old forgotten secrets? Alas, I believe no more in these Israelitish sweets. Could those drops of purple liquid command the spirit of love? And yet, who can say? the young men of the market-place laugh at all enchantments—but do they know how to spin the sun? On a night like this, does not the very fountain sing in tune and enchant the dropping stones? Ah, Yasmin? (Taking a lute from beneath his cloak and a tuning it.) Yasmin…Yasmin…Yasmin…Yasmin.

(Intones to the accompaniment of the lute.)

How splendid in the morning glows the lily; with what grace he throws

His supplication to the rose: do roses nod the head, Yasmin?

But when the silver dove descends I find the little flower of friends,

Whose very name that sweetly ends, I say when I have said, Yasmin.

The morning light is clear and cold; I dare not in that light behold

A whiter light, a deeper gold, a glory too far shed, Yasmin.

But when the deep red eye of day is level with for the lone highway,

And some to Mecca turn to pray, and I toward thy bed, Yasmin,

Or when the wind beneath the moon is drifting like a soul aswoon,

And harping planets talk love's tune with milky wings outspread, Yasmin,

Shower down thy love, O burning bright! for one night or the other night

Will come the Gardener in white, and gathered flower are dead, Yasmin!

(As HASSAN intones the last "Yasmin" with passion the shutters open, and YASMIN, veiled, looks out.)

YASMIN

Alas, Minstrel, Yasmin is my name also, but it was for a fairer

Yasmin than me, I fear, you have strung these pearls.

HASSAN

There is no Yasmin but Yasmin, and you are Yasmin.

YASMIN

Can this be Hassan, the Confectioner?

HASSAN

I am Hassan, and I am a confectioner.

YASMIN

Mashallah, Hassan, your words are sweeter than your sweets.

HASSAN Gracious lady, your eyes look down through your veil like angels through a cloud. Dare I ask to see your face, O bright perfection?

YASMIN

(Roguishly) Do you take me for a Christian, father of impertinence?

And since when do the daughters of Islam unveil before strangers?

HASSAN

It is said: he who speaks to the heart is no stranger.

YASMIN

(Unveiling her eyes) Are you satisfied, O importunate!

HASSAN

Never, till I have seen perfection to perfection.

YASMIN

You would shrivel, my poet. What about "the glory too far shed, Yasmin"?

HASSAN

Let me see you unveiled, Yasmin.

YASMIN

Anything to close the portal of your face.

(Unveiling.) There. Do I please thee, my Sultan?

HASSAN

(Rapturously) Oh, you are beautiful!

YASMIN Prince of poets, is that all you have to say! Not a stanza, not a trope, not a turn, not a twist, not even a hint that the heavens are opened, or that there are two moons in the sky together?

HASSAN

There is but one.

YASMIN

Well confectioned, my confectioner! And now, Good-night.

HASSAN O stay, Yasmin, you are too beautiful, and I too bold. I am nothing, and you are the Queen of the Stars of Night. But the thought of you is twisted in the strings of my heart; I burn with love of you, Yasmin. Put me to the proof, my lady; there was nothing I could not do for your bright eyes. I would cross the salt desert and wrest a cup of the water of life from the Jinn that guards it; I would walk to the barriers of the world and steal the roc's egg from its diamond nest. I would swim the seven oceans, and cross the five islands to rob Solomon ben Dawud of his ring in the palace where he lies sleeping in the silence and majesty of uncorrupting death. And I would slip the ring on your finger and make you mistress of the spirits of the air— but would you love me? Could you love me, do you love me, Yasmin?

YASMIN

There is love and love and love.

HASSAN

(Passionately) Oh, answer me!

YASMIN I think I have been enchanted, Hassan; how, I cannot tell. Till this afternoon the thought of your appearance made my heart narrow with disgust. But since I ate your present of comfits— and they were admirable comfits, and I ate them with speed— my heart is changed and inclined toward you, I know not why or how, except it be through magic.

HASSAN

(Aside) She is mine, and magic rules the world!

(Aloud) Yasmin, shall I possess you, O Yasmin?

YASMIN

Am I not the desert waiting for the rain? Was I not born for passion,

Hassan? Is not my bosom burning for kisses? Were not these arms

made smooth and hard to fight the battle of love?

HASSAN Are not your lips love's roses, your cheeks love's lilies, your eyes love's hyacinths?

YASMIN Ya, Hassan, and my hair the net of love, and my girdle the chain of love that breaks at a lovers touch?

HASSAN

I am drowning in a wave of madness. Let me in, Yasmin; let me in!

YASMIN

Ah, if I could!

HASSAN

Why not?

YASMIN

Ah, if I dared!

HASSAN

What do you fear? It is night, and the street is silent.

YASMIN:

Ah, dear Hassan, but I am not alone.

HASSAN

(Whispering) Not alone? Who is there? Your mother?

YASMIN

No! One who you sent here.

HASSAN

I sent no one.

YASMIN

One of your friends.

HASSAN

A man?

SELIM

(Poking his head out of the window) Ya, Hassan, Salaam aleikum.

I thank you for directing my steps to this rose-strewn bower.

HASSAN

(Astonished) Selim!

SELIM

Thy servant always.

HASSAN

(Wildly) Selim!

SELIM

Be advised, O Hassan, go and seek the enchanted egg.

HASSAN

Selim, what do you here?

SELIM

Plunge not the finger of enquiry into the pie of impertinence, O my uncle.

HASSAN Since when have I become your uncle, Selim, and how did I cease to be your friend?

SELIM

Since when did you aspire to poetry, O Hassan?

But I have heard these lines:

As from the eagle flies the dove

So friendship from the claw of love.

HASSAN

Love. What love do you mean, scum of the market?

SELIM

This. (Puts a hand on YASMIN's shoulder.)

HASSAN May God strike thee blind, Selim, and shut the door of his compassion against thee!

SELIM What is my crime, Uncle? How have I sinned against thee, or merited the solemn imprecation?

HASSAN

Do not touch her, you dog, do not touch her!

SELIM

Is it a crime to touch Yasmin, my Uncle? Am I not to be excused?

Is not her neck a pillar of the marble of Yoonistan?

(Puts his arm around her neck.)

HASSAN

Torment of death!

YASMIN Are not my arms like swords of steel, hard and cold, and thirsty for blood? (Putting her arms around the neck of SELIM)

HASSAN

Fire of hell!

SELIM

Are not her eyes two sapphires in two pools?

HASSAN

Woe is me! Woe is me!

YASMIN

Are not my lips two rubies drenched in blood? (Kisses him)

HASSAN

God, I shall fall!

SELIM (His face in YASMIN's bosom) Couldst thou but see, O my Uncle, the silver hills with their pomegranate groves; or the deep fountain in the swelling plain, or the Ethiopian who waters the roses in the garden, or the great lamp between the columns where the incense of love is burned. How can I thank thee, O my Uncle, for the name and address, and half the old Jew's dinars!

YASMIN How can I thank thee, O my Uncle, for sending me this strong and straight young friend of thine to console my loneliness and desolation? Ah, it is bitter to be a widow and so young!

HASSAN

(Putting up his hands to his head) The fountain, the fountain!

O my head, my head!

YASMIN

Be not too rash, my Uncle, or thy hair will come away in thy hands.

HASSAN

If I could but reach your necks with a knife, children of Sheitan!

YASMIN I was the sun of his existence, and now I am a child of Sheitan— and why? Never again will I trust the love of a man. I was a glory too far shed, and now he wants to open my neck. And already he has tried to poison me. Ya, Hassan, if you desire my death, send me some more enchanted sweets!

SELIM

Beware, O Hassan, of jesting with the Jinn.

YASMIN

Buy, O Hassan, no more juice from Jews.

SELIM Much, I fear, O my friend, for thy character in the market. No more will men say: "Hassan is a safe man"; but they will nudge each other and say, "Beware of Hassan, Hassan is a great magician; he has talked with the spirit's of the air! Deal not with Hassan, O my son, Saadet, for he sells enchanted sweets that drive the consumer to madness. And at night Hassan becomes a cat, and walketh on the roofs after the female cats. Allah preserve me from the evil eye of such a one!" And another will say, tapping his forehead, "Speak no harm of poor Hassan, for his brain is very sick!" And the small, guileless boys will say, "Behold Hassan, who gave ten dinars for a pint of indigo and water."

HASSAN

Ah, death!

YASMIN

Look at him! He is drifting like a soul aswoon!

Go home, old fellow!

SELIM

Go home and write poems!

YASMIN

Go home, and cook sweets!

HASSAN

Yasmin! Yasmin! My head!

YASMIN

Begone, or I will cool thy head, thou wearisome old fool!

HASSAN

Yasmin! Yasmin! (Stands with his arms outstretched)

YASMIN

Take this, my bulbul, to quench thy aspiration.

(Pours a jug of water over him, and slams the shutters to.

HASSAN does not budge from his position.)

HASSAN

O thou villainous, unclean dog, Selim. O thou unutterable woman.

I will have you both whipped through the city and impaled in the

market-place, and your bodies flung to rot on a dung-heap.

O, my head aches! Ah, you foul swine! May you scream in hell for ever.

O, my head—my head. For ever. Thou and thy magic and thy Jew.

There is blood dripping from the wall. (Banging on the gate)

I will break the house in. I will kill you. Ya Allah,

I am splitting in twain. It is my own fault for having dreams

and believing magic. Ya Allah, I am dying. Oh, Yasmin,

so beautiful, so brutal. O burning bright; you have killed me!

Farewell, and the Salaam!

(Falls under the shadow of the fountain. Silence. A light appears in the next house. Soft music starts; the first light of dawn shines in the sky.)

(Enter the CALIPH HAROUN AR RASCHID, JAFAR, his Vizier, MASRUR (a Negro), his Executioner, and ISHAK, a young man, his poet, all attired as Merchants.)

CALIPH Ishak, my heart is heavy and still the night drags on, and still we wander in the crooked streets, and still we find no entertainment, and still the white moon shines.

ISHAK O Caliph of Islam, is there not vast entertainment for the wise in the shining of the moon, in the dripping of that fountain, and in the shape of that tall cypress that has leapt the wall to shoot her arrow at the stars?

(The music which had stopped recommences.)

CALIPH But I hear music, and see lights. Come on, come on, we will snatch profit from this cursed night even yet, my friends, even at the eleventh hour.

JAFAR

Master, the night is far advanced, and you have not slept.

It is a late hour to seek for entertainment.

CALIPH

Jafar you are as prudent as a shopkeeper.

ISHAK There lies his merit, Haroun! For he keeps the great shop of state, he sells the revenue of provinces, and buys in the lives of men.

CALIPH

Enough, enough. Call to them, Jafar, and see if they will let us in.

JAFAR

Oh, gentlefolk, in the name of Allah!

VOICE

(From window, the person invisible) Who calls?

JAFAR Sir, we are four merchants who came yesterday night from Basra, and on our arrival we met in the street a man of Basra settled in Bagdad, who prayed us to dine with him. So we accepted and stayed late talking the talk of Basra, and left him but an hour ago. And since we were strangers to the city, we lost our way, and have been wandering ever since in search of our Khan and have not found it. And now a happy chance has taken us to this street; for seeing lights and hearing music, indeed, sir, we hope to taste the cup of thy kindness, being men of honour, good companions and true believers.

VOICE

Then you are not of Bagdad?

JAFAR

No, sir, but of Basra.

VOICE Had you been a Baghdad, you should not have entered for all the gold in the Caliph's coffers.

CALIPH

Then we may enter, being of Basra?

VOICE

If you enter, you will be in my power. And if you annoy me,

I will punish you with death. But no one constraineth you to enter.

Go in peace, O men of Basra.

CALIPH

(Aside) A rare adventure. (Aloud) We take the risk of annoying you,

O host of terror, and are now looking for the door.

VOICE Since when did a door of good reputation open on to this street, my masters? Our door is far from here, and you are strangers and merry, and will not find it. But I will contrive a means for your ascent.

CALIPH Jafar, I never suspected there was a great house in this poor quarter of the town. For from the outside it is a house like any other, except that it has no door; but inside, if this is but the back of it, it is of great extent and holds some secret. We shall make a discovery tonight, O Jafar.

JAFAR

Master, we have been warned of danger!

(A basket comes down.)

CALIPH

Danger? What care I?

(Sits in the basket, and is drawn up.)

JAFAR

Eh, Masrur, I could sleep a little.

MASRUR

You would wake in paradise if the Caliph heard you, Jafar.

(MASRUR waves his sword dexterously near JAFAR's neck.)

JAFAR

(As he ascends into the basket, pointing to Masrur's sword)

The path to Paradise is narrow and shiny, O Masrur.

MASRUR

(With the grim motion of the sword) Ya, Jafar, it is a short cut.

(Jafar having ascended, MASRUR ascends, and the basket is let down for Ishak.)

ISHAK (Alone) Go on thy way without me, Commander of the Faithful. I will follow you no further. Find one more adventure if you will. For me the break of day is adventure enough—and water splashing in the fountain. Find out, Haroun, the secret of the lights and of the music, of a house that has no door, and a master that will admit no citizen. Drag out the mystery of a man's love or loss, then break your oath and publish his tale to all Bagdad, then fling him gold, and fling him gold, and dream you have made a friend! Those bags of gold you fling, O my generous master, to a mistress for night, to a poet for a jest, to a rich friend for entertainment, to a beggar for a whim, are they not the revenues of cities, wrung by torture from the poor? But the sighs of your people, Haroun, do not so much as stir the leaves in your palace garden!

And I—I have taken your gold, I, Ishak, who was born on the mountains free of the woods and winds. I have made my home in your palace, and almost forgot it was a prison. And for you I have strung glittering, fulsome verses, a hundred rhyming to one rhyme, ingeniously woven, my disgrace as a poet, my dishonour as a man. And I have forgotten that there are men who dig and sow, and a hut on the hills where I was born. (Perceives Hassan.) Ah, there is a body, here in the shade. Corpses of the poor are very common on the streets these days. They die of poison or the knife, but most of hunger. Mashallah, but you have not died of hunger, my friend, and there is that on your face that I do not like to see. By his clothes this was a common man, a grocer or a baker, his person ill-proportioned and unseemly, but by his forehead not quite a common man. I think—

JAFAR

(From above) Ishak, are you coming up?

ISHAK

(Shouting back) Wait a minute, I will come.

(To himself) What has curved his mouth into that bitter line?

He is an ugly man, but I maintain there is grace in his countenance.

What? A lute? Take my hand, O brother. You loved music too, and you could sing the songs of the people, which are better than mine— the songs I learnt from the mother of my mother.

(Taking the broken lute mechanically) What was that one?

"The Green Boy came from over the mountains,

Joy of the morning, joy of his heart"?

I have forgotten it, and the lute is broken. Or that other:

"Come to the wells, the desert wells!

The caravan is marching down; I hear the camel bells."

(Resumes HASSAN's hand) Ah, brother, your hand is warm and your heart

beating, you are not dead.

(Bathing HASSAN's forehead with water from the fountain)

I shall know after all what has twisted your mouth awry.

CALIPH

Ishak, Ishak, we wait and wait.

ISHAK May I not be free one hour, to breathe the dawn alone! Ah!… (Takes HASSAN's body and drags it to the basket.) I come, my master! (Puts HASSAN in the basket.) There, take my place, brother, and find your destiny. I will be free to-night, free for one dawn upon the hills!

(As HASSAN is drawn up in the basket, ISHAK walks rapidly away.)

CURTAIN

ACT II

SCENE I

A great room. To the left three arches lead out onto the balcony where the personages CALIPH, JAFAR and HOST are collected. The interior of the room is blazing with lights, but empty. The architecture of the room is curious on account of the wide, low arches which cut off a square in the centre. The furniture of the room is in rich, rather vulgar Oriental taste.

CALIPH

Ishak, Ishak, we are waiting and waiting.

JAFAR

Ishak! Ishak! Perhaps he is faint.

CALIPH

Faint!

JAFAR

Let me go down and see what he is doing. I think I hear him talking.

CALIPH He is talking to shadows. He has one of his evil fits tonight. Do not trouble your head or mine about him. He presumes on our friendship, and forgets the respect due to us. Am I to be kept waiting like a Jew in a court of justice, I the Master…

JAFAR

(Quickly) We are not in Basra, Sir. But see, the rope has tightened.

(To MASRUR.) Haul, thou whose soul is white.

RAFI

(Helping with ropes to CALIPH who stands idle) God restore to you

the use of your arms, my brother from Basra.

(HASSAN rolls out of the basket, filthy and the inanimate.)

Yallah, Yallah, on what dunghill did this fowl die?

Is this your man of honour?

JAFAR (Astonished) Host of the house, this is not our companion, and we have never set eyes on him before.

RAFI

Then what is this?

CALIPH

Our friend has played a trick on us—may Allah separate him

from salvation!—and sent up this body in place of himself.

Come let us tip it out into the street.

RAFI

(Feeling HASSAN'S pulse) Wait; this man is by no means dead,

and the mill of his heart still grinds the flour of life.

Ho, Alder!

(Enter ALDER, a young and pretty page.)

ALDER

At his master's service.

RAFI

Ho, Willow!

WILLOW

(Younger still) At his lord's order.

RAFI

Juniper!

JUNIPER

At his Pasha's command.

RAFI

Tamarisk!

TAMARISK

(A little boy a with a squeaky voice) At his Sublimity's feet.

CALIPH (Aside to JAFAR) Truly, this is charming: an illustrious example of decorum and good taste.

RAFI Transform this into a man, my slaves. Revive him, bathe, soap, scent, comb him, clothe him with a ceremonial coat and bring him back to us.

ALDER

We hear,

WILLOW

We honour,

JUNIPER

We tremble,

TAMARISK

and obey.

CALIPH (Entering the great room of the house) Thy house is of grand proportions and eccentric architecture, my Host; it is astonishing that such a house should look out on to so mean a street.

RAFI

It is an old house where the Manichees (the devil roast all heretics!)

once held their meetings before they were all flayed alive.

It is called the house of the moving walls.

CALIPH

Why such a name?

RAFI

I do not know at all.

CALIPH

The merry noise of music that we heard is silent.

RAFI I waited for your permission, my guests, before continuing my meagre entertainment. Ho, music! Ho, dancers! (Claps his hands.)

(Music plays. The HOST enters the room and motions his GUESTS to be seated in silence.)

CALIPH Verily, after this prelude, and in this splendid palace, we shall see dancing women worthy of Paradise.

JAFAR

God grant it, Master.

CALIPH

(To JAFAR) Hush, I hear the pattering of feet.

The wine of anticipation is dancing through my veins.

O Jafar, what incomparable houris will charm our eyes to-night?

What rosy breasts, what silver shoulders, what shapely legs,

what jasmine arms!

(In good order, marching to the music, there enter the most awful selection of Eastern BEGGARS the eye could imagine, or the tongue describe. They are headed by their CHIEF, a rather fine fellow, in indescribable tatters. He leads the CHORUS with a song, half intoned in the Oriental style.)

Fathers of two feet, advance,

Dot and go ones, hop along,

Two feet missing need not dance,

But will join us in the song.

CHORUS OF CULS-DE-JATTE:

But will join you in the song.

Show your most revolting scar;

People never weary of it.

The more nauseous you are—

More the pity and your profit.

CHORUS And your profit, profit, profit.

Cracked of lip and gapped of tooth,

Apoplectic, maim or mad,

Blind of one eye, blind of both,

Up, the beggars of Bagdad.

CHORUS Up, the beggars of Baghdad.

There is a cellar, I am told,

Where a little lamp is lit,

And that cellar's full of gold,

Sacks and sacks and sacks of it.

CHORUS (Hoarsely)

Sacks and sacks and sacks of it,

Stacks and stacks and stacks of it.

Open eyes and stiffen backs,

There are sacks and sacks and sacks;

And gold for him who lacks of it.

(The HOST lifts his hand. The BEGGARS all fall flat on their faces.

Dance music.)

(Enter right, a BAND of fair, left, a BAND of dusky beauties.)

THE DANCING GIRLS

Daughters of delight, advance,

Petals, petals, drift along;

Cypress, tremble! Firefly, dance!

Nightingale, your song, your song!

THE FAIR

We are pale

THE DARK

as dawn, with roses,

O the roses, O desire!

We are dark,

THE FAIR

(Curtsying)

but as the twilight

Shooting all the sky with fire.

CHORUS

Daughters of delight, advance,

Petals, petals, drift along,

Cypress, tremble! Firefly, dance!

Nightingale, your song, your song!

(They surround the BEGGARS, dancing, and point at them.)

LEADER OF THE FAIR

From what base tavern, of what street

Were dragged these dogs, that foul our feet?

LEADER OF THE DARK

O sisters, fly, we shall be hurt:

(The LEADER OF THE BEGGARS catches her.)

Leave go my ankle, son of dirt.

LEADER OF THE BEGGARS

Lady, if the dirt should gleam,

Feel, but do not show surprise:

Things that happen here would seem

(Rises to his feet, his rags drop off, and he shines in gold.)

Paradox in Paradise.

(The infirmities and rags of the whole BAND disappear as if by magic, as they rise and shout in CHORUS.)

CHORUS

Paradox in Paradise

(RAFI raises his hand. ALL stand at attention.)

VOICES

Hush, the King speaks.

The King of the Beggars.

The King.

LEADER OF THE BEGGARS The King of the Beggars, the Caliph of the Faithless. The Peacock of the Silver Path, the Master of Bagdad!

(The BALLET line the room behind the arches.)

JAFAR

(Aside, astonished) King of the Beggars?

MASRUR

(Aside, astonished) Master of Bagdad?

CALIPH (Aside, astonished) Caliph of the Faithless? Allah kerim, this is a jest indeed!

RAFI (Throwing off his outer garment and discovering himself superbly dressed in a golden armour) Subjects and guests. Now that the night before our day is ending, and the Wolf's Tail is already brushing the eastern sky; now that our plot is ready, our conspiracy established, our victory imminent, what is there left for me to tell you, O faithful band? Shall I say, be brave? You are lions. Be cunning? You are serpents. Be bloody? You are wolves.

See now, Bagdad is still in dreams that in a few minutes shall be full of fire, and that fire redder than the dawn. You have begged—you shall buy: you have fawned—you shall fight: you have plotted—you shall plunder: you have cringed: you shall kill.

How loud they snore, those swine whose nostrils we shall slit to-day! Copper they flung to us, and steel we shall give them back; good steel of Damascus, that digs a narrow hole and deep.

But as for the Peacock of Peacocks, that sack of debauch, that Caliph, alive in his coffin, I and none other will nail him down, with his eyes staring into mine. His gardens, fountains, summer houses, and palaces; his horses, mules, camels, and elephants, his statues of Yoonistan, and his wines of Ferangistan, his eunuchs of Egypt, and his carpets of Bokhara, and his great sealed boxes bursting with unbeaten gold, and his beads of amethyst, and his bracelets of sapphire, all this and all his women, his chosen flower-like women, are yours for lust and loot and lechery, my children—all save her of whom I warned you—a woman who was mine, and who shall sit unveiled with me on the throne of all the Caliphs… and when you see us sitting on that throne together, then you shall cry…

THE BEGGARS

(Taking up with a shout) The Caliph is dead! The Caliphate is over!

Long live the King!

JAFAR

(In indignation) These words are not holy, even in jest.

RAFI O guests of an hour, I pray you put the tongue of discretion into the cheek of propriety.

JAFAR

Propriety! The host's obligations are greater than the guests.

It is not good taste to speak thus before the invited.

We pray you only that we may withdraw at once.

RAFI Then who will withdraw me, my masters, from the vengeance of the Caliph, once you have talked a talk with the Captain of his Guard?

JAFAR

We give you our promise: we are men of honour.

RAFI If you were thieves, as we are, I might trust you. But, if, as you say, you are men of honour, honour will drive you panting to the Caliph's gate, and honour will swiftly break a promise made to a this and a rebel, under compulsion.

JAFAR

Sir, I pray you, no more of this, be it jest or earnest.

It will soon be morning: we must away: we have pressing business:

our clients await us.

RAFI And give me their names, O my guests, and tonight I will fling their gold and their carcasses together at your feet.

JAFAR

We insist that you let us go.

RAFI O merchants, tell me but this one thing: Do you dwell in fine houses in the port of Basra?

JAFAR

We have no mean abodes.

RAFI

Are your apartment spacious and well furnished?

JAFAR

Well enough.

RAFI

Then tell me further, have you soft carpets on the floors of those rooms?

JAFAR

There are carpets.

RAFI

Great, rich, soft carpets from Persia and Afghanistan?

JAFAR

Yes.

RAFI

It is a pity. Soft carpets make soft the sole of the foot.

And they who have soft feet should ever keep them on the road of meekness.

MASRUR

(Drawing his sword) Dost thou dare threaten us, bismillah!

RAFI Truly, O most disgusting negro, comprehension and thou have been separated since your youth. Shall I then drop needle of insinuation and pick up the club of statement? Shall I tell you three guests of mine, with the plainness of plainness and the openness of plainness, that if you offer one threat more, propose one evasion more, or ask one question more, I will thrash your lives head downwards from your feet.

(Enter HASSAN finely dressed, and ushered in by the FOUR BOYS through the rows of DANCERS.)

HASSAN

(Lamenting) Eywallah, eywallah, eywah, eywah, Mashallah! Istagfurallah!

RAFI

Why, here is the fourth guest!

ALDER

We have washed him: he needed it.

WILLOW

Combed him: it was necessary.

JUNIPER

Scented him: it was our duty.

TAMARISK

Clothed him: it was our delight.

HASSAN

(As before) Eywallah! Yallah Akbar! Y'allah kerim! Istagfurallah!

Eywallah! Hassan is ended! Hassan is no more! He is dead!

He is buried! He is a bone! Y'allah kerim!

RAFI

Eyyah Hassan, if that is your name, have my boys not treated you well?

If they have hurt you with their tricks, by the Great Name, I will…

HASSAN I pray you, I pray you. Thrash no one's life out downwards from their feet, O master, and above all, not mine.

RAFI Ah, you heard me! Take courage. All that I require of my guests, good Hassan, is genteel behaviour.

HASSAN

Ah! Who are all these terrible men?

RAFI

Beggars of Bagdad! Ten thousand more await my signal on the streets.

In a few minutes they will surprise the drowsy Palace Guards,

sack Bagdad, kill the Caliph and make me King.

HASSAN (Stupefied) What has become of me this night! Just now I was in Hell, with all the fountains raining fire and blood.

RAFI Come, Hassan, you are only just in time; the cold dawn which ends the revellers' dark day will soon be uncurtaining the blue. One bowl to pledge me victory, O guests, for I must away and win it, and you shall lie here to sleep away the destruction of Bagdad. At least you shall say this of your host—he gave us splendid wine.

(The FOUR SLAVES hand round the bowl; the CALIPH refuses.)

(To CALIPH) Sir, you do not drink.

CALIPH

I obey the Prophet.

RAFI What wine do they grow in the desert of Meccah, or on the sandhills of Medina? Ah, had the Prophet tasted wine of Syria or the islands, the book would have been shorter by that uncomfortable verse.

JAFAR Come, host! I at all events will pledge you. There is ever fellowship between those who have drunk wine together, be they murderers or thieves or Christians.

MASRUR

Host, on the day when I shall spill your blood, I shall drink a little

in remembrance of this bowl of wine. Till then your health!

(Drinks.)

RAFI

(Sarcastically) Ye are three jolly fellows of amiable disposition.

(Drinks.)

I thank you, negro, I drink to yours.

HASSAN

I drink to forget a woman, but will this little cup suffice?

RAFI

Nor ten, nor ten thousand little cups like these, if you have loved.

Tonight I shall fill my bowl of the oblivion with the blood

of the Caliph of Bagdad. Brother, will that great cup suffice?

HASSAN (In terror) Call me not brother, thou savage man, who dost talk of shedding the holiest blood in Islam!

RAFI When high office is polluted, when the holy is unholy, when justice is a lie, when the people are starved, and the great fools of the world are in high office, then dares a man talk of shedding the holiest blood in Islam?

CALIPH Also when one has a vengeance to wreak on the Caliph and a claim on a lady of his household.

MASRUR

Why do you want to nail him in his coffin alive? Tell us the tale.

JAFAR

Tell us, if would not have us think you a mad man or a buffoon.

CALIPH Tell us about the woman; what harm can do you since we are in your power?

RAFI (After hesitation) Yes, what harm can it do, if for my own sake, to relieve the heaviness of my heart, I tell you something of my story?

My name is Rafi. I come from the hills beyond Mosul, where the men walk free and the women go unveiled. There I was betrothed to Pervaneh, a woman beautiful and wise. But the very day before our marriage the Governor of Mosul remembered my country and invaded it with a thousand men. And little enough plunder they got from our village, but they caught Pervaneh walking alone among the pine woods and carried her away. When I heard this I leapt on my horse and galloped to Mosul, prepared to slay the Governor and all the inhabitants thereof single-handed, if evil had come to Pervaneh. But there I found she had already been sent with a raft full of slaves down the Tigris to Bagdad. Whereupon I hired six men with shining muscles to row me there. We arrived at Bagdad at the end of the third night's rowing at the grey of dawn. I sprang out of the raft like a tiger, and ran like a madman through the streets, crying "The Slave Market! Tell me the way, O ye citizens! The Slave Market, O the Slave Market!"

And suddenly turning a corner I came upon the market, which was like a garden full of girls in splendid clothes grouped in groups like flowers in garden beds and some like lilies, naked. I ran around the market to find Pervaneh and all the women laughed at me aloud, and behold there she stood; she who had never worn a veil before, the only veiled woman in all the market, for she had sworn to bite off her lips if her master would not veil her: but I knew her by the beauty of her hands, and I cried: "O dealer, the veiled woman for a thousand dinars!" And the dealer laughed in the way of dealers at the presumption of my offer and demanded two thousand, and so I purchased for gold the blood of my own heart, and she lifted her veil and sang for joy and hung upon my neck, and all the slave girls clapped their hands.

But at that moment there entered into the market a negro eunuch, so tall and so disgusting that the sun was darkened and the birds whistled for terror in the trees. And all the dealers and the slaves bowed low before him. Coming to my dealer, he cried: "Why dost thou sell slaves before the Caliph has made his choice?"

Then turning to to Pervaneh, he said, "Go back to thy place."

And I cried, "She is my purchase." But the eunuch said,

"Hold thy peace; I take her for the Caliph."

And suddenly two guards seized Pervaneh, and I drawing my sword was about to hew the eunuch into a thousand pieces, Pervaneh made a sign to me, and looking up I saw I was surrounded by men at arms. And Pervaneh cried in the speech of my country, as they carried her way: "I will die, but I will not be defiled: rescue me alive or dead, soon or late, and avenge me on this Caliph, may the ravens eat his entrails!"

That is my story, and for this reason I will nail the Caliph down in his coffin, bound and living and with open eyes.

CALIPH

(In horror) Bound and living, with open eyes! Thou devil!

MASRUR

Is that all the story?

JAFAR

Will you tear up the Empire for the honour of a girl?

CALIPH (In fury) And set your worthless passion in scale against the splendour of Islam!

RAFI Is this Haroun the splendour of Islam? Is the prosperity of these people, a rosy slave in his serai, or their happiness, a fish in his silver fountain?

JAFAR

God will frustrate thee.

RAFI If he will. Farewell, my guests. I go to avenge Pervaneh, and to wash Bagdad in blood.

JAFAR

And what of us?

RAFI It is well be used that you are my guests, for you are rich and proud, and eminently deserve destruction. But you are safe in his room as in an iron cage; you will only hear, as in a dream, the crash of the fall of the statue of tyranny.

CALIPH (Rushing to intercept him) By the thick smoke of Hell's Pit and the Ghouls that eat man's flesh, you shall not go, and we shall not stay.

RAFI

Look twice before you touch me!

(He leaps behind the archway. The BEGGARS and the WOMEN are now lined close to the wall of the room and the GUESTS are isolated in the centre. From behind every pillar appears an ARCHER with bow drawn taut directed on the startled GUESTS.)

CHORUS OF BEGGARS AND DANCING GIRLS

Today the fools who catch a cold in summer

Will fly for winter in the windy moon.

To-day the little rills of shining water

Will catch the fire of morning oversoon.

To-day the state musicians and court poets

Will set new verses to a special tune.

Today Haroun, the much-detested Caliph

Will find his Caliphate inopportune.

RAFI (Silencing the SINGERS with a wave of his hand; to the GUESTS) Did not someone ask me why this house was called the House of the Moving Walls?

CALIPH

I asked the question.

(Sheets of iron with a crash covering the apertures of the arches.

The four GUESTS are completely walled in.)

RAFI, BEGGARS AND WOMEN

(From behind the iron partitions with a shout) Answered!

JAFAR

This is a disastrous situation!

(The BEGGARS Tramp out to martial music.)

VOICES OF THE BEGGARS

(Retreating)

Today Haroun, the much-detested Caliph,

Will find Caliphate inopportune!

JAFAR

(Listening at the wall) They have all left the room.

At least we are alone. Let us shout, they may hear us from the street.

MASRUR

(Banging on the wall) Eyyah! Help, help, men of Bagdad!

The Caliph is in danger! The Caliph is in prison!…

Come up and save the Caliph, the Master of Men, the Shaker of the World!…

(Silence.)

CALIPH

There comes no answering cheer…

JAFAR I had forgotten the height of this room above the streets: and on either side stretches the empty garden of this house!

(The CALIPH, JAFAR and MASRUR rush around as though trying to find a way out of their prison, and banging on the iron walls. HASSAN takes his seat on the carpet.)

CALIPH Allah! and this room is a box within a box like a Chinese toy. And that man will surprise my soldiers in the chill of dawn, and sack my palace and burn Baghdad. He will discover my identity and bury me alive!

JAFAR

Alas, Master! What shall we do?

CALIPH Thou dog! Thou dirt! Thou dunghill! Thou dustheap! Did I make thee Vizier to ask counsel or to give it? Find out what we shall do! Thou hast let me fall into a trap, and now dost quiver and quake and shiver and shake like a tub of whey on the back of a restive camel: my kingdom is reduced from twelve provinces to twelve square cubits: my subjects from thirty millions unto three, but Bismillah! one of my subjects is the Executioner, and Mashallah! another one merits execution: and Inshallah! if thy head doth not immediately devise a practical scheme of escape it shall dive off my shoulders and swim across the floor.

JAFAR What shall happen, shall happen. But here is one who is occupied in meditation, and is aloof from the circumstances of the moment: let us invite him to Council.

CALIPH

Ho, thou Hassan! What occupies thy spirit?

HASSAN I am examining the square of carpet. It is of cheap manufacturer, inferior dye and unpleasant pattern.

CALIPH

Art thou a carpet dealer?

HASSAN

No, sir, I am a confectioner,

CALIPH

And I am the Caliph.

HASSAN

As my heart surmised. O Commander of the Faithful!

(Performs the ceremonies prescribed.)

CALIPH

Canst thou give me one gleam of hope of salvation,

Hassan the Confectioner? If not, Masrur shall cut off all our heads,

beginning with thine, I dare not fall into that man's hands alive.

HASSAN But I dare! O spare me, spare me! What of the man who put me in the basket? He will know where we are, and come to our rescue.

CALIPH No good—no good. I would rather depend on the mercy of Rafi than on the whim of Ishak. Masrur, unsheathe. There is no hope.

HASSAN

Thy pardon on thy servant: there is hope! Behold the light!

(Points to crack between bottom of the iron wall and floor, towards the balcony.)

CALIPH

By the seven lakes of Hell, we are not mice!

HASSAN

A mouse could not pass. But what, O Master, of a message?

CALIPH

A message?

HASSAN

Written out black on paper, and dropped into the street.

CALIPH Ho, Jafar, thou art a fool to this man! Take out thy pen and write. Warn the Captain of the Soldiers. Warn the Police. Describe our position. Offer the the Government of Three Provinces to the man who picks up the paper. Write clearly, write quicker. Time's flying. Write, and we are saved. Write for the Salvation of Bagdad; write for the safety of Islam! O Hassan, the Confectioner, if we are rescued I will fill my mouth with gold!

(JAFAR having written on a long roll of paper, they thrust it in the crack.)

HASSAN No: at the corner here, where there is no balcony and the wall drops straight into the street.

(MASRUR pokes out the paper with his sword.)

CALIPH

And now how shall we employ the time of waiting for our deliverance?

JAFAR

I shall meditate upon the mutability of human affairs.

MASRUR

And I shall sharpen my sword upon my thigh.

HASSAN And I shall study the reasons of the excessive ugliness of the pattern of this carpet.

CALIPH

Hassan, I will join thee: thou art a man of taste.

SCENE II

(See ACT I, last Scene)

Again, the street outside the house—the Street of the Fountain, with the balcony of RAFI and the balcony of YASMIN opposite. Cold light before dawn.

(On the steps of the Fountain, two tired MENDICANTS asleep.

One slowly rubs his eyes and looks round him.

A paper comes floating down. One tired MAN lazily catches it.)

FIRST LOITERER

Here comes a new chapter of the Koran falling down from heaven.

SECOND LOITERER

Is it written, Abdu?

ABDU

It is written, Ali.

ALI

Read what is written, Abdu.

ABDU

I cannot read. Am I schoolmaster?

(Folds paper, puts it in his belt, and prepares to sleep again.

Several interesting ORIENTALS pass by.)

ALI

Abdu!

ABDU

I sleep.

ALI

I can read: give me the paper.

ABDU

I am asleep: get up and take it from my belt if you want it,

Ya Ali, I am heavy with a great sleep, like a tortoise in November.

ALI

Ya Abdu, I am too languishing to move. It is a paper and it is written.

It does not matter. To-morrow or the next day it will be read.

ABDU

To-morrow or the next day I shall wake and pass it to you.

(Interval: more interesting ORIENTALS go by.)

ALI

(With sudden inspiration) Blow me the paper, Abdu.

ABDU

Alas, Allah sent thee to trouble the world!

(ABDU blows the paper over. ALI with infinite difficulty spells it out, murmuring:)

ALI Ha, alif, alif, re wow wow 'ain jeem—ah, ye blessed ones in Paradise, is it thus ye write a jeem? Nun—but art thou a nun, O letter, or a drunkard's qaf? Verily an ape has written this with his tail: I have the second line. (With a start) Ho, Abdu, whence came this? Do not pretend to sleep. Answer me.

ABDU

From the sky: how do I know?

ALI

Let me look at the sky. (Rolls on his back and stares upward)

I tell you, Abdu, a mighty joker has flung this from the balcony.

ABDU

Allah plague him and his pen and thee! Is there no peace in the world?

ALI Here it is written, and do thou listen, O Abdu, for this is the strangest of the strange writings that are strange: "Whoever findeth this paper, know that the Caliph is in the house above, a prisoner, and his friends prisoners, and in the extremity of danger, he and they, with all Bagdad. Let the rescue be swift and sudden, but above all secret. The iron walls must be lifted from beneath. And send a man at once to the Guard, O fortunate discoverer, to warn them to protect the palace against the Beggars of Bagdad, and thou shalt be made Governor of Three Provinces. Signed, Jafar, the Vizier." (Bursting into laughter) Three Provinces, well I know their Three Provinces! Some rich young reveller hopes to play a game with poor old Ali, even as a game was played on the son of Abdullah, whom they dressed as a woman and placed in the Grand Vizier's Harem, and his reward came hailing down on his toes. (In a lower voice.) And I tell you, Abdu, what if the Caliph were in the house and his friends? What if this were true? Who would believe me? Who am I to rescue the Caliph? I never meddle in politics.

ABDU May the great gripes settle on thee and on the Caliph and the mother of the Caliph. Shall I not sleep? And now there comes a disturbance down the road. Ya, Jehannum, the Police!

(CHIEF OF POLICE with ISHAK)

ISHAK I tell you, I do not know precisely where I left them. It was somewhere in this quarter. It may have been this balcony they went to or that, but there are a thousand balconies. It was above a fountain, but there are a million fountains. I tell you they always come back. Have you not already twenty such scares as these for the safety of the Caliph?

CHIEF OF POLICE

Never and on no preceding occasion has his exalted name

been so long delayed in his return to the palace.

The day is dawning.

ISHAK I tell you, if you do find him you will get no thanks, O man of arms. Will you dare to unstick the Ruler of the Moslem World from the embrace of his latest slave girl or dash the cup of pleasure from his reluctant hand?

CHIEF OF POLICE

I tell you, if you do not find him, man of letters, I will have you

impaled upon a monstrous pen.

(Seizes him.)

ISHAK Thou beastly, blood-drinking brute and bloated bully, take off thy stable-reeking hands.

CHIEF OF POLICE

Yallah, these poets. They talk in rhyme.

ALI

(Who has risen and salaamed, advancing) I pray you, Sirs,…

CHIEF OF POLICE

O thou maggot! Darest thou address us?

ALI

I pray you only regard…

CHIEF OF POLICE

I pray you only remove, or I will split you from the top.

ISHAK

Do you not see that he has a paper, and that his manners are superior

to yours, O Captain of Police? Let me look at thy paper….

Ah—ah. Whence came this, O virtuous wanderer?

ALI

From that balcony, may thy slaves be forgiven!

CHIEF OF POLICE

This is a very important clue. Let us break in the door.

ISHAK

There is no door. But first of all send word to the Palace Guard.

CHIEF OF POLICE

(To a soldier) Ali

(To the other ALI, who runs and says: Excellence, I hear and obey)

Not thou, fool. Did Allah make the name Ali for thee alone?

Who art thou that I should address thee? Are there not ten thousand Alis

in Bagdad, and wilt thou lift up thy head, O worm, when I say Ali?

(To POLICEMAN) Here is my ring. Take this paper,

and run with all thy might and show it to the Captain of the Palace Guard.

POLICEMAN

I hear and obey. (Starts off.)

ISHAK

(Stopping him) Wait!

CHIEF OF POLICE What right have you to stop my man, you bastard son of a quill-bearing barn-fowl?

ISHAK Since when had a bludgeoning policeman the practical good sense of a thought-breathing poet? Tell them, Ali, to send a few men with levers and ladders.

CHIEF OF POLICE

It is well ordered: run, run, Ali!

ISHAK

You other Ali, who brought the paper…

ALI

Master?

ISHAK

How long is it since any paper was thrown from the balcony?

ALI

How do I know time? The time to go to market and buy a melon.

CHIEF OF POLICE By the great pit of torment, this swine-faced has had the paper a good hour! By the red blaze of damnation, thou maggot, why didst thou not run with this at once to the Palace Guard?

ALI

I had a great fear, and I thought it was a jest.

CHIEF OF POLICE

A jest! Rivers of blood, a jest! The life of the Caliph of Bagdad, a jest?

The safety of the Empire a jest! I knew thee a traitor from thy face.

I will teach thee jesting. I will teach thee fear.

Ho, Mahmud, Zia, Rustem, down with his head and up with his heels.

ALI (As his feet are looped into the pole to receive the bastinado) Ya, Abdu, you had the letter first, it is yours. Will you not claim it and the reward. Alas, that the Governor of Three Provinces should be treated thus!

ABDU

Do I meddle in politics? Hit him hard, O Executioner,

for he is a great disturber of peaceful citizens.

But as for me, O Ali, lest my sleep be troubled by thy groaning,

I will make my way a little further on. (Exit)

(The EXECUTIONERS proceed with their work, but stop on entrance of CAPTAIN OF THE MILITARY with SOLDIERS.)

(On the balcony opposite house where CALIPH is imprisoned appears YASMIN.)

YASMIN

Look, look, Selim! there's a man being beaten.

SELIM Come in quick! this is a riot or some trouble; come in quick, and shut the shutters fast.

YASMIN You are a valiant protection indeed for frail-as-a-rose ladies in danger's hour.

(They remain at window.)

CAPTAIN OF MILITARY

(To CHIEF OF POLICE) Sir.

CHIEF OF POLICE

Sir.

CAPTAIN OF MILITARY

(Saluting) Captain of the Victorious Army, at your service.

CHIEF OF POLICE

(Saluting) Chief of the August Police, at yours.

CAPTAIN OF MILITARY

(Bowing) I am honoured.

CHIEF OF POLICE

(Bowing) I am overwhelmed.

ISHAK Come, Sirs, brush away, I implore you, the cobwebs of ceremony with the broom of expedition.

CHIEF OF POLICE

Sir, when men of action meet, the place of the man of letters

is inside his pencase.

CAPTAIN OF MILITARY

A moment! Ere we proceed, Chief of Police, may I ask why this man

is undergoing punishment?

CHIEF OF POLICE

Since your excellency deigns to enquire, for urgent reasons of police.

CAPTAIN OF MILITARY They must have been very urgent indeed before you would permit such an inopportune disturbance outside the very house where our Lord the Caliph is imprisoned. You have seriously impaired our chances of a speedy and effective rescue.

CHIEF OF POLICE (Drawing his sword and whirling it about) Thou melon head, thou, thou dung pig, thou brother of disaster, get thee hence with thy knock-kneed band of fatherless brigands, ere I have thee arrested for unnatural crime.

CAPTAIN OF MILITARY

Out with thy sword, thou big-bellied snatcher up of burglars,

thou manacler of little boys, thou terror of the peaceful market,

I will teach thee to insult the slaughterers of the infidel host.

ISHAK

(Interrupting the COMBATANTS) Is this a time for indecent brawling?

Quick, where are the ladders?

A SOLDIER

(Pompously) In the rear, Sir, in the rear.

(The ladders are brought along.)

CHIEF OF POLICE

(To POLICEMAN) Place a ladder.

CAPTAIN OF MILITARY

(To SOLDIERS) Place a ladder.

(Each goes up his ladder at the same time: bang at wall and are answered: shout for levers which are procured, and assistance which speedily arrives. The iron wall is lifted up, and CALIPH and the REST disclosed seated peaceably awaiting their deliverance, the lamp still burning.)

CHIEF OF POLICE

My royal master!

CAPTAIN OF MILITARY

August Lord.

CHIEF AND CAPTAIN

(Together) I have saved thee, Master.

(Each attempts to seize the CALIPH.)

CHIEF OF POLICE

Honourable Police!…

CAPTAIN OF MILITARY

Honourable Military!…

CHIEF OF POLICE It has been the high privilege of this grovelling slave to rescue the Lamp of the World! I shall carry him down.

CAPTAIN OF MILITARY Permit me to observe, O fire-spitting Battle Cleaver, that I was the first up this ladder, and though I tremble to obscure the Sun's Brilliance with my dirty little hand, yet it is I who have the prior claim.

(MASRUR pushes them aside, and assists the CALIPH down the ladder.

JAFAR and HASSAN follow. Shouts of "Long live the Caliph" from all

the people gathered in the street. The SOLDIERS salute.

The CALIPH raises his hand. Silence.)

CALIPH

Is my Palace safe?

MASRUR

O Lord and Master, we pray so.

CALIPH

And my people?

JAFAR

Around thee, O Lord and Master.

YASMIN

(From her balcony) By the Prophet, here is Hassan with the Caliph!

CALIPH

Are we all saved?

MASRUR

All, by the providence of Allah.

JAFAR

And the wisdom of Hassan.

CALIPH

And the Guard warned?

CAPTAIN OF MILITARY

All warned and at their posts, my Lord.

CALIPH

Allah, deliver our enemies into their hands. Let Hassan come to me.

HASSAN

(Prostrating himself) Master!

CALIPH (Raising him) Rise, Hassan. This Hassan, yesterday a stranger, has to-night by his skill and invention, saved my life and rescued this city from a greater peril than my death.

CROWD

May it be far!

CALIPH Therefore here and now, in the presence of all, I nominate Hassan to my court, to hold rank among my subjects second to none save to Jafar, my Grand Vizier.

YASMIN

(Who has been at her balcony with SELIM) O Allah!

CROWD

Honour to Hassan. Honour to Hassan.

HASSAN

Master, I sold confectionary in the market.

JAFAR

Thou shalt now confection the sweets of prosperity.

ISHAK

(To HASSAN) Why, Hassan. You are the man with the broken lute.

CALIPH

Is that the voice of Ishak?

ISHAK

It is the voice of Ishak that has often sung to you.

CALIPH

Why did you abandon me, Ishak, and flee into the night? I do not know

I shall forgive you.

ISHAK

I was weary of you, Haroun-ar-Raschid.

CALIPH

And if I weary of you?

ISHAK

You will one day or another, and you will have me slain.

CALIPH

And what of this day that dawns?

ISHAK

Dawn is the hour when most men die.

CALIPH

Your death is granted you, Ishak; you have but to kneel.

(A red glow on the horizon.)

ISHAK (As he kneels calmly) Why have they pinned the carpet of execution on the sky?

MASRUR

It is the Caliph's dawn.

JAFAR

Thy dawn, O Master!

ISHAK

Thy dawn, O Master of the world, thy dawn;

The hour the lilies open on the lawn,

The hour the grey wings pass beyond the mountains,

The hour of silence, when we hear the fountains,

The hour that dreams are brighter and winds colder,

The hour that young love wakes on a white shoulder,

O Master of the world, the Persian Dawn.

That hour, O Master, shall be bright for thee:

Thy merchants chase the morning down the sea,

The braves who fight thy war unsheathe the sabre,

The slaves who work thy mines are lashed to labour,

For thee the waggons of the world are drawn—

The ebony of night, the red of dawn!

CALIPH

Sheathe thy sword, Masrur! Would you kill my friend?

MASRUR

I hear and obey.

CALIPH I must go swiftly to my palace. But to you, Ishak, I leave the care of this man you sent up to me in the basket, who proved the salvation of Bagdad. Teach him the ceremonies and regulations. Is my chair ready?

MASRUR

Ready, Lord and Master.

(Exit CALIPH in chair, and JAFAR and CROWD. ISHAK signs to those who would kiss HASSAN's feet to leave him.)

YASMIN

(On balcony opposite. Giving SELIM a great clout on the ear)

Go, leave my sight, you fool. I shall burst with fury.

You made me insult Hassan, and now he is going to court.

SELIM

(Astonished) Eh, Yasmin, Yasmin how could I know?

ISHAK

Ah, bismillah, I had not forgotten you, O man with the broken lute.

HASSAN

The broken lute? The broken lute?

ISHAK

Here you were lying, at this fountain, like one dead.

HASSAN

Was it here? Is that the balcony? Who are you? What do you know?

ISHAK

Quietly, friend, quietly, your head is weak with joy.

HASSAN

With joy? Do I know what is true or false? Do I know if the Caliph

is the Caliph? And if the Caliph is the Caliph may he not mock me too?

What is joy? Let me look at that balcony for joy. I dare not look,

I fear she is there. Ah. it is she.

(YASMIN takes the rose from her hair and flings it at HASSAN, then retires within.)

ISHAK

Are you fortunate in love as well as in life, O Hassan? But come away.

This conduct ill beseems a minister of state; you are not unobserved.

HASSAN

I am coming. The rose is poisoned.

ISHAK

O friend, is this talk for the ardent lover?

HASSAN

Are you my friend? You, Ishak, the glorious singer of Islam?

And if you are my friend, are you like those who were my friends before?

ISHAK Last night, I found you lying like a filthy corpse beneath this window, but I knew by your lute and your countenance that you were a poet, like myself, and I was sorry to think you dead.

HASSAN

A poet? I? I am a confectioner.

ISHAK

You are my friend, Hassan.

HASSAN Then consider this rose. This rose is more bitter than colocynth. For, look you, friend, had she not flung this rose, I would have said she hated me and loved another; it is well. She had the right to hate and love. She could hate and she could love. But now, ah, tell me, you who seem to be my friend, are all you poets liars?

ISHAK

Ya, Hassan, but we tell excellent lies.

HASSAN Why do you say that beauty has a meaning? Why do you not say that beauty is hollow as a drum? Why do you not say that it is sold?

ISHAK

All this disillusionment because a fair lady flung you a rose!

HASSAN

Last night I baked sugar and she flung me water:

this morning I bake gold and she flings me a rose.

Empty, empty, I tell you, friend, all the blue sky.

ISHAK Come, forget her and come away. I will instruct you in the pleasures of the court.

HASSAN Forget, forget? O rose of morning and O rose of evening, vainly for me shall you fade on domes of ebony or azure. This rose has faded, and this rose is bitter, and this rose is nothing but the world.

CURTAIN

ACT III

SCENE I

The Garden of the CALIPH's palace: in front of a pavilion.

The CALIPH: HASSAN in fine raiment, a sword of honour at his side.

CALIPH Yes, what the chief Eunuch told you is all true, my Hassan. Our late host, the King of the Beggars, was captured hiding in the gutter of his roof. This evening I shall judge him and his crew in full divan. And in the divan thou shalt appear, O Hassan, clothed in thy robe of ceremony, and seated on my right hand.

HASSAN Alas, O Serene Splendour, thy servant is a man of humble origin and limited desires. I am one who would obey the old poet's behest:

Give all thy day to dreaming and all thy night to sleep:

Let not Ambition's Tyger devour Contentment's Sheep!

I am not one to open my mouth at divans, or to strut among courtiers in robes of state. Sir, excuse me from these things. Dispose thy favour like a high golden wall, and protect the life of your servant from the wind of complication. But at evening, when God flings roses through the sky, call me then to some calm pavilion, and let us hear Ishak play and let us hear Ishak sing, till you forget you are Lord of all the World, and I forget I am a base-born tradesman; till we discover the speech of things that have no life, and know what the clods of earth are saying to the roots of the garden trees.

CALIPH Have no fear. You shall inhabit the place I shall assign you in untroubled peace, and meditate till your beard grows into the soil and you become wiser than Aflatun. But in this case you are a witness and must be present at my divan, be it but for this once only. And you shall call me Emir of the Faithful, Redresser of Wrong, the Shadow of God on Earth, and Peacock of the World. But in this garden you are Hassan, and I am your friend Haroun, and you must address me as a friend a friend.

HASSAN (Kissing the CALIPH's hand) O master, you speak gently, but I must fear you all the more.

CALIPH But why? I am but a kindly man. I love single-heartedness in men as I love simplicity in my palace. There you have seen floors with but one carpet—but that carpet like a meadow. You have seen walls with but one curtain—but that curtain a sunset on the sea. You have seen white rooms all naked marble: but they await my courtiers, all dressed like flowers. If, therefore, I avoid complexity in the matter of walls and floors, shall I not be simple in the things of heart and soul? Shall I not, Hassan, be just your friend?

HASSAN Master, I find thy friendship like thy palace, endowed with all the charm of beauty and the magic of surprise. As thou knowest, I am but a man of the streets of Bagdad, and there men say, "The Caliph's Palace, Mashallah! The walls are stiff with gold and the ceilings plated with silver, and the urinals thereof are lined with turquoise blue." And hearing men say this, many a time hath Hassan the Confectioner stroked the chin of Hassan the Confectioner saying, "O, Hassan, thy back parlour is less ugly than that, with its tub for boiling sugar, and its one good Bokhara carpet hanging on the wall. And twelve months did I work at the tub, boiling sugar to buy that carpet."

CALIPH What a man you are for poetry and carpets! When you tread on a carpet, you drop your eyes to earth to catch the pattern and when you hear a poem, you raise your eyes to heaven to hear the tune. Whoever saw a confectioner like this? When did you learn poetry, Hassan of my heart?

HASSAN In that great school, the Market of Bagdad. For thee, Master of the World, poetry is a princely diversion, but for us it was a deliverance from Hell. Allah made poetry a cheap thing to buy and a simple thing to understand. He gave men dreams by night that they might learn to dream by day. Men who work hard have special need of these dreams. All the town of Bagdad is passionate for poetry, O Master. Dost thou not know what great crowds gather to hear the epic of Antari sung in the streets at evening? I have seen cobblers weep and butchers bury their great faces in their hands!

CALIPH By Eblis and the powers of Hell, should I not know this, and know that therein lies the secret of the strength of Islam? In poems and in tales alone shall live the eternal memory of this city when I am dust and thou art dust, when the Bedouin shall build his hut upon my garden and drive his plough beyond the ruins of my palace, and all Bagdad is broken to the ground. Ah, if there shall ever arise a nation whose people have forgotten poetry or whose poets have forgotten the people, though they send their ships around Taprobane and their armies across the hills of Hindustan, though their city be greater than Babylon of old, though they mine a league into earth or mount to the stars on wings—what of them?

HASSAN

They will be a dark patch upon the world.

CALIPH

Well said! By your luck you have saved the life of the Caliph,

O Hassan; but by your conversation you have won the friendship of Haroun.

Indeed—but at what are you gazing as if enchanted?

HASSAN

What a beautiful fountain, with the silver dolphin and the naked boy.

CALIPH A Greek of Constantinople made it, who came travelling hither in the days of my father, the Caliph El Madhi (may earth be gentle to his body and Paradise refreshing to his soul!). He showed this fountain to my father, who was exceptionally pleased, and asked the Greek if he could make more as fine. "A hundred," replied the delighted infidel. Whereupon my father cried, "Impale the pig." Which having been done, this fountain remains the loveliest in the world.

HASSAN

(With anguish) O Fountain, dost thou never run with blood?

CALIPH

Why, what is the matter, Hassan?

HASSAN

You have told a tale of death and tyranny, O Master of the World.

CALIPH

(In a sudden and towering rage) Do you accuse my father of tyranny,

O fellow, for slaying a filthy Christian?

HASSAN

(Prostrating himself) I meant no offence. My life is at your feet.

But you bade me talk to you as a friend.

CALIPH Not Ishak, not Ishak himself, who has been my friend for years, would dare address me thus. (Bursting into laughter) Rise, Hassan. Thy impudence has a monstrous beauty, like the hindquarters of an elephant.

HASSAN

Forgive me, forgive me.

CALIPH I forgive you with all my heart, but, I advise you, speak in conformity with your character and of things you understand, and never leave the Garden of Art for the Palace of Action. Trouble not your head with the tyranny of Princes, or you may catch a cold therein from the Wind of Complication. Keep to your poetry and carpets, Hassan, and make no reference to politics, for which even the market of Bagdad is an insufficient school.

HASSAN

(Dolefully) I hear and obey.

CALIPH Forget it now; set your mind on pleasant things. Have you noticed this little pavilion in front of which we have talked so long? This is your little house, good Hassan, where you shall find a shelter from the wind you so much dislike and all all other blasts that harm or chill.

HASSAN

My little house?

CALIPH I chose it for you, knowing your disposition. Here in this remote corner of the garden you will hear no noise of street or Palace, but enjoy complete repose.

HASSAN

(With rapture) Mine, this little house? Mine, this sweet-scented door!

CALIPH

Knock on it and see.

(HASSAN knocks. A door opens and ALDER, WILLOW, JUNIPER, and TAMARISK appear. TAMARISK the youngest, has somewhat of a mouse's squeak.)

ALDER

(To CALIPH with prostration) O, Emir of the Faithful!

WILLOW

(To CALIPH with prostration) O, Redresser of Wrong!

JUNIPER

(To CALIPH with prostration) O, Shadow of God on earth!

TAMARISK

(To CALIPH with prostration) O, Peacock of the World!

ALDER

(To HASSAN with prostration) Master!

WILLOW

(To HASSAN with prostration) Master!

JUNIPER

(To HASSAN with prostration) Master!

TAMARISK

(To HASSAN with prostration) Master!

(They stand, their hands in their sleeves, across the doorway.)

HASSAN But these are the slaves of the King of the Beggars, who bathed me, and anointed me, and brought back my soul into my eyes, whence a woman had all but driven it forever.

CALIPH I have rescued them from the ruin of their master's house as their polite and finished manners deserve, and I have given them to you since you are likely to need and appreciate their service.

HASSAN

And so faces not altogether strange will welcome me to my home.

(Kneels and kisses Caliph's hand.)

CALIPH

Say not a word. For the pen of happiness hath written on thy face

the ode of gratitude.

(To SLAVES) Is all ready?

ALDER

(Pompously) Ready, O Gardener of the Vale of Islam.

WILLOW

Prepared, O Lion…

CALIPH Enough! Conduct your master into his house, show him all there is inside, and serve him faithfully.

Enter with them, Hassan; delicious has been our converse, but Jafar, the Vizier has been awaiting me some two hours. (As Hassan is about to prostrate himself) No, it is thus Haroun takes leave of his friends. (Kisses him on both cheeks. HASSAN watches till he is out of sight, pensive. Then he goes to the fountain and observes it a moment. Then advances slowly to the folding door of the pavilion which ALDER and WILLOW hold open for him.)

ALDER

Fortunate be thy entry!

WILLOW

Prosperous thy sojourn!

JUNIPER

Quiet thy days!

TAMARISK

And riotous thy nights!

SCENE II

The private apartment within the pavilion. A bed. Fine furniture.

A window with a view on the garden.

(Enter HASSAN followed by his SLAVES.)

HASSAN

In that apartment, therefore, I shall receive guests.

But in this apartment, whom?

ALDER

Such ladies, Master, as you desire to honour.

HASSAN

Yes, yes. I must visit the market and see.

(Staring at the floor, with a start) Wulluhi, what is that?

TAMARISK

The carpet, Master.

HASSAN

One of the wonderful new carpets of Ispahan. A hunting scene.

The Prince. His followers. Leopards and stags and three tigers,

and an elephant—his head only. O amazing carpet.

And everywhere great scarlet flowers, very stiff and fine.

O exquisite carpet. I have never seen so bright as scarlet.

(With a sudden earnestness)

Tell me. You were his slaves…?

ALDER

Master?

HASSAN Well, well, we will not talk of it. How clearly that fountain sounds outside with its little splash!

ALDER I pray you, Master, the Caliph said you should particularly observe this mirror with the carven frame.

HASSAN

(Looking at himself) By the Prophet, what a Phoenix I have become!

Provided I do not stumble on my sword.

WILLOW The Caliph hoped you should not fail to remark this exquisitely upholstered couch.

JUNIPER

The Caliph hopes you would admire these toilet requisites in alabaster.

TAMARISK The Caliph hopes you will make good use of this very slender whip for our correction.

HASSAN A whip? For your correction, O slaves of charm? Am I the man to spoil good almond paste with streaks of cochineal?

ALDER

Thou art pleased, O my Master?

HASSAN Pleased? Look at the acacia tapping at my window; one night it will come in softly and fling its moonlit blossom at my feet. But this is no place for a man to live alone. Without a doubt I must visit the market. They have Circassians; I have always wanted a Circassian. She must be very young…. I have not finished the excellencies of the room. These three chests, what do they contain?

ALDER This chest, O Master, contains your new robes. One of them is embroidered with red carnations and silver bells.

HASSAN

Was there ever generosity like this!

WILLOW This chest, O master, contains curtains, hangings, and cushions for the sofa. One of the cushions is embellished with fifteen peacocks.

HASSAN

Fifteen peacocks! And all those peacocks dumb!

JUNIPER

This chest O master, contains fresh linen for your bed.

All marked with your name.

HASSAN

Marked with my name! And what have you to say, Tamarisk?

TAMARISK

That bed…

HASSAN That bed is not a chest. But doubtless it also contains fresh linen marked with my name.

TAMARISK

(Tremulous) That bed contains a most beautiful lady.

HASSAN

(Jumping) What?

TAMARISK

A most beautiful lady. She said she must see you, and gave me ten dinars.

YASMIN

(As HASSAN tears aside the curtains of the bed) Hassan!

(She is dressed in a cloak and veiled.)

HASSAN

What voice?

YASMIN

Hassan. (She unveils.)

HASSAN

Thou!

YASMIN

I came: I hid: I waited.

HASSAN

Why?

YASMIN

Why does a woman hide in the bed of a man?

HASSAN

(Furiously) You dared! Stay here, slaves.

Will you leave me at this moment, you fools who let this women in?

(To YASMIN) You dared?

YASMIN

What is there a beautiful woman dare not dare?

HASSAN

But your impudence is vile. Out of it! Get you back to Selim.

YASMIN

I have left Selim.

HASSAN

Left Selim to come to me?

YASMIN

I found Selim a coward and a fool. I have discovered in you

a man of taste and valour. How could I have known before?

But what matter? Am I not white enough to follow the caravans

of Wealth and Power?

(Flinging out her arms) Is this for Selim or that for Selim?

HASSAN

Back to him, and no more words! You darken the world before my eyes.

If he is a fool and a coward, you're nothing but a whore.

Go, or my slaves shall fling you head foremost down my steps.

YASMIN I have left Selim because he proved a coward, a fool, a poor man and a nobody. I have come to you because you are rich, famous, and a man of taste. The day you fall into disfavour (may it be far, O my Master!) I shall undoubtedly leave you. Till that day you will find me faithful. I am that which you call me—but I bring you a fair merchandise.

HASSAN

I thank you, O seller of yourself. I buy no tainted meat.

I beg you seek another market, and that extremely soon.

YASMIN

(Rubbing her face and rising lightly) I did not know I had a taint,

O Master. The mirror must deceive me. But merchandise must be

well inspected before its inferiority is assured.

It must be seen and touched. Will you see and will you touch?

HASSAN (Stepping back) Oh, away, away! Why did you seek me out? Is it to rain back my words upon my face? Or do you hope once more to show me yourself limb after limb in the embrace of a new Selim? I pray you, however, spare the water from the jug. My fire needs no quenching.

YASMIN

(Suppliant) Be generous. It beseems the Caliph's friend to be generous.

If I have made you jealous, do I not not offer you a sumptuous revenge?

HASSAN

Rise, take your pardon, and depart. Shall I tell you again?

If you need money, the slaves will give it you at the door.

YASMIN

You are as cold as ice.

HASSAN

You are brazen.

YASMIN

I am brave. Farewell, I see you are not a man of love.

HASSAN

Farewell. And defile no more the word love with your painted lips.

YASMIN (Lingering at the door) Yet there is a little of love's language that I do not know. When the bird of night sings on the bough of the tree that rustles outside your window, and the shadows creep away from the moon across the floor, I could have sung you a song sweeter than the nightingales and shown you a whiteness whiter than the moon.

HASSAN

Ah—go!

YASMIN

Because I was cruel could I not be kind? Because you can buy my body,

can you buy my soul? Because I am of the people have I no songs to sing?

Because I have sinned have I no secret to impart? Go to market,

O Hassan, and buy your Circassian girl. And one day you shall say:

Had Yasmin but lied to me of love, it were better than this fool's sincerity.

HASSAN

Ah, leave me!

YASMIN There are lilies by the thousand in the meadows: there are roses by the thousand in the gardens, and all as like as like— but there is only one shape in the world like mine. There is only one face in the world where the eyebrows arch and the eyes flash—where the nostrils are set just so, and the lips are parted thus. There is no other arm beneath the skies that has has here this curve and here this dimple, and here the light soft golden hairs. There are rows and rows of young fair girls in the Caliph's harem and many as fair as I, but none whose veins are these veins, whose flesh is this flesh, fiery and cool, whose body swings like mine upon the heel. (Flinging off her cloak) Will you see and will you touch? (Approaching.) Will you see and will you touch? (Putting her arm round his neck) Will you touch?

HASSAN

(With a shout as he pushes her back) Slaves, tear off this woman!

YASMIN

(As the SLAVES force her back) Eh, your slaves are violent!

HASSAN

(To SLAVES) Hold her!

YASMIN

But you must let me go.

HASSAN

I will not let you go.

YASMIN

Come, I see you are but a sour fellow, for whom pleasure is but vain.

I will take away the hateful. Let me pass.

(She attempts to escape.)

HASSAN

(To his SLAVES) Hold her!

(ALDER and WILLOW each grip an arm. JUNIPER grips her ankles. She is held standing. Her cloak falls. She is clothed in short jacket and trousers of white silk with a pattern of blue flowers: her waist is naked, in the Persian style.)

YASMIN

Ah—what will you do to me? You forgave me.

HASSAN (To YASMIN) Ah, I forgave you the insults and all that hour of shame. And Allah shall forgive you your trade if Allah wills. But you have pressed your foul body on mine—you have breathed your poison on my cheek, and twined your snakes (God break them!) round my breast. Preparethen to die, for it is not right for the sake of mankind would you should walk any more upon the road of earth..

YASMIN

(Quietly, but in terror) To die! What do you mean! No, no!

Ah, murder, ah!

HASSAN

Do you hear the fountain dripping—drop by drop—drop by drop?

So shall your blood fall on my carpet and colour me more red flowers.

YASMIN

(Recovering) I am not afraid.

HASSAN Do you expect mercy? I left mercy with my sweets. For all these years I have been a humble man, of soft and kindly disposition— such a man as the world and a woman hate. But now I shall never again be the fool of my fellows. Now all Bagdad shall know and say: "We thought Hassan a mild man and a kind man; our children stole his sweets and he did but stroke his beard, while to a beggar he had known three days he would instantly lend three dinars. And behold, he has become powerful and hath cut down the body of Yasmin the infamous who had done him wrong, as a woodman cuts a tree. Yallah, our knees shall bend when Hassan goes driving by!" Yasmin, stiffen your sinews and close your eyes.

YASMIN

Not with the sword, not with the sword!

HASSAN Let me taste the ecstasy of power. Let me drink of the fulness of life. Let me be one of those who conquer because they do not care. (He draws the sword: Yasmin cries out loud.) You are Yasmin, the poor, the beautiful, the proud: I am Hassan, rich and passionate and strong. You have hurt me, I will hurt you; it is the rule of the game, and the way of the world. Do I hate you? I do not know or care. Do I love you?— then love shall drive the blade in deep. You are the world's own stupendous harlot, and I will cut you clean in two. (He swings sword over his head to strike.)

YASMIN

(With a shout at once of terror and triumph) I will not close my eyes!

I will look at you. You dare not do it, looking at my eyes!

(HASSAN whirls sword round.)

You dare not do it, looking at my eyes!

(HASSAN flings the sword across the room and falls across the divan, his face in his hands.)

HASSAN

O Hassan the Confectioner, thou art nothing but an old man and a fool!

(YASMIN comes up to HASSAN. The BOYS silently disappear.

He draws her toward him.)

(With infinite tenderness) Yasmin!

SCENE III

The Great Hall of the Palace. The room is plain, white marble.

ISHAK alone, in his robes of Court Chamberlain.

(Enter SOLDIERS with the CAPTAIN OF THE MILITARY and the CHIEF OF POLICE.)

(The SOLDIERS intone "The War Song of the Saracens.")

SOLDIERS sing

We are they who come faster than fate: we are they who ride early

or late:

We storm at your ivory gate: Pale Kings of the sunset beware!

Not on silk nor on samet we lie, nor in curtained solemnity die

Among women who chatter and cry and children who mumble a prayer.

But we sleep by the ropes of the camp, and we rise with a shout and

we tramp

With the sun or the moon for a lamp, and the spray of the wind in

our hair.

From the lands where the elephant are to the forts of Merou and

Balghar,

Our steel we have brought and our star to shine on the ruins of

Rum.

We have marched from the Indies to Spain, and by God we will go

there again;

We have stood on the shore of the plain where the Waters of Destiny

boom.

A mart of destruction we made at Yalula where men were afraid,

For death was a difficult trade, and the sword was a broker of

doom;

And the Spear was a Desert Physician, who cured not a few of

ambition,

And drave not a few to perdition with medicine bitter and strong.

And the shield was a grief to the fool and as bright as a desolate

pool,

And as straight as the rock of Stamboul when our cavalry thundered

along:

For the coward was drowned with the brave when our battle sheered

up like a wave,

And our dead to the desert we gave, and the glory to God in our

song.

THE SOLDIERS

(Cheering) Allah Akbar! (etc.)

CHIEF OF POLICE That is a splendid song your soldiers sing, O breaker of infidel bones. Permit an inglorious policeman to inquire what flaming victory you celebrate today. Such is my loathly ignorance, I knew not the Caliph's army (may it be ever plosh in seas of hostile blood!) had even left Baghdad.

CAPTAIN OF MILITARY It is true we have not left Baghdad, But perchance we have saved it from destruction. For when the Caliph's Police have allowed a conspiracy to ripen undetected, It is our duty to mow down the conspirators. It is true we did but vanquish beggars—but they were beggars to fight. Half of them we slew and one-half we captured, and, since the police believe no clue but the ocular, here they are. A victory is well worth a song.

CHIEF OF POLICE

Allah, such a song! I thought: "At the least they have captured Cairo."

CAPTAIN OF MILITARY

To save Bagdad is better than to capture Cairo.

CHIEF OF POLICE (Pointing to the captive BEGGARS) Behold only the chain-mail of the vanquished!

CHIEF OF MILITARY It is an old song, a glorious great battle song, and in mocking it thou has displayed on an absence of education, thou dragger of dead dogs from obscure gutters.

ISHAK

Is this talk for the high divan, Captain? Ye have saved Bagdad?

Bagdad is no longer worth saving. You rose-petal-bellied parasites

of the palace, how dare you sing that song?

CAPTAIN OF MILITARY

Allah, these poets talk in rhyme.

(Enter the Herald announcing various personages, who enter as he announces them and are motioned to their place by ISHAK.)

HERALD

Abu Said, Prince of Basra, to do homage. Fahraddin, Prince of Damascus,

to do homage. Al Mustansir, Prince of Koniah, to do homage.

Tahir Dhu'l Yaminayn, governor of Khorasan, to do homage.

The great calligraphist, Afiq of Diarbekir, master of the riqa and the shikasta hands: also of the Peacock style, and of painting in miniature.

ISHAK

(Aside) Episodes of considerable obscenity.

HERALD The celebrated Turkoman wrestler, Yurghiz Khan, whose thighs are three cubits in circumference.

ISHAK

(Aside) As fat as a woman's, but not as nice.

HERALD Abu Nouwas, the Caliph's jester. The Rajah of the Upper Ganges, come hither to do homage with a present of 800 bales of indigo.

ISHAK

(Aside) And never dyed his beard.

HERALD Hang Wung, the wisest philosopher in China, come hither to study the excellence of the habits of true believers. He is a hundred and ten years old….

ISHAK

(Aside) And perfectly blind.

HERALD Anastasius Johannes Georgius, ambassador of the infidel Empress Irene, mistress till God wills of Constaniniyeh and the lands of Rum, come here on a vain errand….

ISHAK

He understands no word, and believes we do honour to his name.

But the jest is thin, my Herald.

HERALD Abul Asal, the wandering dervish, come hither to remind kings that they are but dust.

ISHAK

"Where lies Nushiravan the Just?"

DERVISH

The rhyme helps reason. In the dust.

ISHAK

The platitudes of dervishes do not much disturb the beatitudes of kings.

HERALD Masrur, the Executioner, come hither to make several beggars the dusty equivalents of monarchs.

ISHAK

Ah, you may well shiver, poor captives: it is draughty among your rags.

HERALD

Hassan ben Hassan al Bagdadi, the Caliph's friend.

SOLDIERS Long live Hassan and the shadow of Hassan and the friend of Hassan ben Hassan al Bagdadi!

ISHAK (Drawing HASSAN aside) Come hither, friend of the Caliph; do not forget that you are the man with the broken lute.

HASSAN

What is a friend?

ISHAK

Are you not in favour? Has not the Caliph taught you?

You have a royal friend.

HASSAN

He is generous: he is gracious: he is intimate. He has leant on

my arm, he has embraced me, he has called me by that name "friend".

But I tremble before his eyes.

ISHAK

You have found out. No man can ever be his friend.

HASSAN

Alas, that is because he is exalted far above mankind!

ISHAK Alas, no: but because he uses that supremacy to play the artist with the lives of men.

HASSAN

What do you mean, Ishak?

ISHAK Have you not seen the designer of carpets, O Hassan of Bagdad, put here the blue and here the gold, here the orange here the green? So have I seen the Caliph take the life of some helpless man— who was contented in his little house and garden, enjoying the blue of happy days—and colour his life with the purple of power, and streak it with the crimson of lust: then whelm it all with the gloom-greys of abasement, touched with the glaring reds of pain, and edge the whole with the black border of annihilation.

HASSAN

He has been so generous. Do not say he is a tyrant!

Do not say he delights in the agony of men!

ISHAK Agony is a fine colour, and he delights therein as a painter in vermilion new brought from Kurdistan. But shall so great an artist not love contrast? To clasp a silver belt round the loins of a filthy beggar while a slave darkens the soles of his late vizier, is for him but a jest touched with a sense of the appropriate: and I have seen it enacted in this very room.

HASSAN

But you are his friend.

ISHAK As you are. It is elegant for a monarch to condescend: it is refreshing for a monarch to talk as man to man. It is artistic for a monarch to enjoy the pleasures of contrast and escape the formalities of Court…. But here comes the preceder of the Caliph, the penultimate splendour of the divan, a man noble without passion, sagacious without inspiration, and weak as a miser's coffee.

HERALD The Tulip of the Parterre of Government, the Shadow of the Cypress Tree, the Sun's Moon, Jafar the Barmecide.

SOLDIERS

Long live the great Vizier!

HERALD Let all mouths close but mine. (Lifting his staff.) The Holy, the Just, the High-born, the Omnipotent; the Gardener of the Vale of Islam, the Lion of the Imperial Forests, the Rider on the Spotless Horse, the Cyprus on the Golden Hill, the Master of Spears, the Redresser of Wrong, the Drinker of Blood, the Peacock of the World, the Shadow of God on Earth, the Commander of the Faithful, Haroun ar Raschid ben Mohammed, Ibn Abdullah Ibn Mohammed Ibn Ali ben Abdullah, Ibn 'Abbas, the Caliph.

SOLDIERS

The Holy, the High-born, the Just One, the Caliph!

The Cypress, the Peacock, the Lion, the Caliph!

From Rum to Bokhara one monarch, the Caliph!

DERVISH

(Gloomily) A clay thing, a plaything, a shadow, the Caliph!

CALIPH The Divan is open. Let all mouths close but mine. Our justice today will be swift as a blow of the sword. In the Book of the Wisdom of Rulers I read: "Be sudden to uproot the tree of conspiracy for it scatters far its seed." Are you the Beggars?

BEGGARS

We are the beggars of Bagdad.

CALIPH

Thou, spokesman, come hither! Wherefore didst thou plot

against my throne and the safety of all Islam?

Didst thou not fear not only for thy life but for thy salvation?

BEGGAR

Master and Lord of the World, hast thou been poor, hast thou been hungry?

Dost thou know what dreams enter the gaunt heads of starving men

as they lie against the back of thy garden wall, and moan:

"Bread in God's name, bread in the name of God?"

CALIPH

Dost thou deny conspiracy?

BEGGAR

I conspired.

CALIPH

Is there one of you denieth conspiracy?

(Silence.)

Masrur, lead out the conspirators to death.

(MASRUR executes the order.)

CALIPH Let those whose duty it is fetch him who is called the King of the Beggars from his cell, and let him who did us the great service of capturing alive that dangerous man, step forth into the midst.

CHIEF OF POLICE

(Stepping forward) Lord of the World—but I am dirt.

CAPTAIN OF MILITARY

(Simultaneously advancing) Lord of the World—but I am dung.

CALIPH

Where you both concerned in his capture? My favour is doubled upon you.

Let two robes of honour be brought before my throne.

CHIEF OF POLICE

Sir, I fail to comprehend the presence of this military man.

He was but a spectator when I dragged out the King of Beggars

from the gutter of his roof.

CAPTAIN OF MILITARY O thou civilian, I caught a valiant hold of his legs, despite his heavy and continuous kicks, whilst thou didst but timidly pluck at his sleeve.

CHIEF OF POLICE Pluck at his sleeve, tin-coated murderer! Summon the twenty drops of blood that trickle round thy lank and withered frame and let them mount to thy mendacious cheek!

CAPTAIN OF MILITARY

Thou dropsical elephant!

CALIPH Enough! I love to hear the speech of heroes, but enough. It is clear the glory is divided. Give me one of those robes of honour, and summon the tailor of the court.

COURT TAILOR

(Very prostrate) O Master of the World, O Master!

CALIPH

Slit me this robe in twain.

COURT TAILOR

(Moaning as he does so) Allah is great, Allah is great.

Such a well-cut robe: such excellent silk!

CALIPH

Come hither both.

CAPTAIN OF MILITARY

(Hanging back) The glory is all to the police.

CHIEF OF POLICE

The credit is entirely due to my honourable friend.

CALIPH

(Insisting) Come hither both.

(They are fitted with half a robe of honour each amid laughter.)

SOLDIERS

Long live those whom the Caliph delights to honour!

CAPTAIN OF MILITARY

(Under his teeth) Mutinous swine!

CALIPH

And now bring forth the King of the Beggars.

(The KING OF THE BEGGARS is brought in chained hand and foot, but still dressed in gold.)

The Salaam to my host of yesternight.

RAFI, KING OF BEGGARS The Salaam, O man of Basra. I see thy fellow-merchant in the robes of the Grand Vizier. But the negro, that most disgusting Negro, seems to be absent. To Hassan, my congratulations on his advancement.

CALIPH Thou dost speak with the impudence of a king, but thy subjects are taken from thee. They will soon be black crows in the pine-wood by the walls.

RAFI

Had I but known thee last night, thou man of Basra, whom men call

Caliph of the Faithful—O thou massacrer of good men—had I but known thee,

had I but known thee!

CHIEF OF POLICE

Shall I tear out his tongue?

CALIPH Let him talk. I have found a man who does not flatter me. Let me study the hatred in his eyes.

RAFI

It is not enough for thee to misrule a quarter of the world.

Thou art not only a fool tyrant, but a mean tradesman, thou dog-hearted spy!

JAFAR

It is not decent to let this man continue his coarse abuse, O Master.

Wilt thou not end him?

CALIPH

He shall end in his time.

(To KING OF THE BEGGARS) Thy impudence will not redound to thy advantage,

Rafi! Wherefore dost thou not bite the tongue of insolence

with the tooth of discretion?

RAFI

I am a man in the presence of death.

CALIPH There a thousand paths to the delectable tavern of death, and some run straight and some run crooked.

RAFI Cut, scourge, burn, rack thy uttermost. The nobler the aim the baser the failure. Do not I deserve to feel every separate pain of those whom my folly has sent to cruel death?

CHINESE PHILOSOPHER I am a hundred and ten years old, and I have never heard a remark in more exquisite taste.

CALIPH It is well. But before I send thee to a death so cruel that thy conscience will be fully satisfied in this world and the next, answer me this: Hast thou forgotten that unparalleled lady whom the zeal of my servants ravished from thy embrace?

RAFI Thou devil of Eblis! Have I forgotten? Have I not prayed thou shouldst forget?

CALIPH

Shall a gallant man forget the name of a beautiful woman?

We will look on her, for whom thou didst attempt to raze

the central fort of Islam.

(To ATTENDANTS) Bring in this lady, Pervaneh.

RAFI

(In supplication) O Master of the World! O Master of the World!

CALIPH

Thou changest tone abruptly but late.

RAFI I was insolent only that her name should be forgotten in thy anger and my death, O Splendour of Islam!

CALIPH A crafty excuse for impoliteness. Wilt thou now begin to be polite to the tyrant whose coffin was to be nailed over his open eyes? He who hopes for his audience to forget the subject of his discourse should moderate his style.

RAFI

God blind me that I may not see her!

CALIPH Why? Dost thou not love her still? Is not the sight of his beloved to the victim of separation like the vision of a fountain to him who dies of thirst?

HASSAN

(Aside) But if that fountain be a fountain whose drops are blood?

RAFI

Thou, thou hast held her in thy arms! O God, have pity on my soul!

CALIPH But with this knowledge thou didst still desire her, and was ready to wreck Bagdad for the sparkle of her eyes.

RAFI

But first the blood of her possessor should have washed her honour clean.

CALIPH

Thou art a most ridiculous man. Thou hast built thy monstrous tower

of crime on a foundation of painted smoke. Dost thou imagine

I have tasted all the fruit of my garden?

RAFI Allah has given thee men's bodies, but it is for him alone to torment the soul. By thy faith, O Caliph, speak the truth!

CALIPH Do I know every slave whom my industrious officials sweep in from the streets? To my knowledge I have never set my eyes on this woman of thine.

HERALD

The maiden Pervaneh!

CALIPH

Let her come before me.

(PERVANEH is ushered into the Presence.)

PERVANEH

(With due reverence) O Master of the World!

CALIPH It is written in the Sacred Law: In the King's presence a woman may unveil, without fear of censure.

PERVANEH

Ah, Master, but only the eagle dare look upon the sun.

CALIPH Thy speech is proud enough for all the eagles, Lady Pervaneh, and I doubt not thy eyes, which I desire to see, are steady in the blaze of danger. Must I command thee to unveil?

PERVANEH Alas, Master of the World, my eyes are dim with long confinement in a jewelled cage, and the wings of my soul are numb. Only on the hills of my country where the rolling sun of Heaven has his morning home, only on their windy hills do the women of my country go unveiled.

ISHAK (To himself, half singing) The hills, the hills, the morning on the hills!

CALIPH

(To PERVANEH) I command thee to unveil.

PERVANEH If thou wilt tear my veil off my face, I will tear my face before thy eyes.

RAFI

Ah, no!…

PERVANEH Who art thou who dost cry, "Ah, no!"? Who art thou who dost hide thy face in fettered hands …

RAFI

A prisoner.

PERVANEH

dissembling thy voice…

RAFI

A prisoner awaiting death.

PERVANEH

trembling when I touch thee?

RAFI

A man afraid.

PERVANEH (In a voice of exaltation) For thee, Sultan, I raise my veil; and wait, thy captive, to share thy destiny.

HASSAN

Oh, Ishak! The fire of the heart of beauty!

RAFI Leave me, Pervaneh! Walk not upon my path! You do not know what a foul doom is mine.

PERVANEH Foul dooms? Foul dooms? Rafi, I can forget ten centuries of doom now that I see your eyes again!

RAFI

I conspired against his throne to win you freedom.

Through my fault I failed, through my fault my thousand followers

are dancing in the wind.

PERVANEH

For me you conspired? For me—for me?

RAFI

I would have drowned Bagdad in blood to kiss your lips again.

PERVANEH

O lover!

RAFI

(Showing his fettered hands) Lover indeed!

PERVANEH There are a thousand eyes around us, O my beloved, but what care I? The voice of the world cries out, "Thou art a slave in the Palace, and thy lover a prisoner in chains." (Embracing him.) But we have heard the Trumpets of Reality that drown the vain din of the Thing that Seems. We have walked with the Friend of Friends in the Garden of the Stars, and He is pitiable to poor lovers who are pierced by the arrows of this ghostly world. Your lips are the only lips, my lover, your eyes the only eyes— all the other eyes but phantom lights that glitter in the mist of dream.

COURTIER

This is sheer heresy.

ISHAK

Then a plague on your religion.

JAFAR

This is Sufic doctrine, and most dangerous to the State.

HASSAN

Then a plague on the State!

CALIPH

Ye who make love in full Divan, can ye yet listen to the voice of the world?

PERVANEH

(Dazed) They are speaking.

CALIPH O Rafi, King of the Beggars, since after all thou art much entangled in the web of unreality, it is necessary that I ask thee some phantom questions concerning thy apparent acts.

Firstly, dost thou deny thou didst call thyself Caliph of the Unbelievers, and blaspheme thy faith in my presence and in the presence of Jafar, my Vizier, Masrur, the Executioner, and Hassan, my friend?

RAFI

I have nothing to deny.

CALIPH Dost thou, secondly, deny that thou didst swear in the presence of the same to nail the Caliph of the Faithful alive in his coffin, or that thou didst conspire with the beggars to slay me, to seize Bagdad and to usurp the throne?

RAFI

I have nothing to deny.

CALIPH Dost thou, thirdly, deny that thou didst scheme this monstrous crime for the sake of a woman?

RAFI

I have nothing to deny.

CALIPH

Rafi, thou art confessed a Blasphemer, a Traitor…and a Lunatic.

It remains to consider thy punishment.

RAFI

As thou wilt.

CALIPH Thou art brave, but I fear the shafts of unreality will prick thee extremely hard. For thou hast merited not one but a dozen deaths. Now, if I impale thee for conspiracy, how shall I burn thee for blasphemy? But with such other pains as man can suffer, judicious arrangement carries the day over unthinking brutality. For if I skin thee for thy impudence, how can I flog thee for thy folly? But if the order is reversed thou canst enjoy the benefits of both expiations.

RAFI

Thou hast certainly studied the art of pain.

CALIPH Yet what are the worst tortures thou shalt undergo to the horror of the death thou didst contrive for me?

RAFI

(With impatience) What is my condemnation?

CALIPH For Lunacy to be nailed, for Conspiracy to be stretched, for Blasphemy to be split.

PERVANEH

Ah!

(Murmurs of horror and satisfaction fill the Court at the announcement of this savage punishment.)

RAFI

As Allah wills.

PERVANEH

(Falling at the CALIPH's feet) Spare, Spare, O Master of the World!

CALIPH

Dost thou think I will absolve him for thy "spare"?

PERVANEH

Mercy! Oh, Mercy!

CALIPH Why dost thou cry "Mercy" and clasp my feet? Is not pain a fancy and this world a cloud?

PERVANEH (Rising to her feet) This world is Hell, but those that dig Hell deeper shall find the Hell-beneath-the-Hells which they search for.

CALIPH Thou hast metaphysic, but hast thou logic? Invent me a reason— one small and subtle reason—why I should show mercy to this man.

PERVANEH

Ah—wilt thou have reasons?

CALIPH

Was not my sentence just?

PERVANEH

Wilt thou have justice?

CALIPH

If I had stood bound before him, would he have listened to my prayer?

PERVANEH

Wilt thou have revenge?

CALIPH Shall I scorn reason, pervert justice, and put aside revenge— for thy dark eyes?

PERVANEH Turn thy justice, turn thy revenge on me in the name of the dark eyes of God! They say a woman suffers longer and sharper than a man.

CALIPH

Lady, dost thou mean this with all its meaning, or say it to implore pity?

Beware of thy answer! The rack and the whip are ready and near at hand.

PERVANEH (Her arms outstretched) Then give the word. Knock off those fetters before my eyes—and nail me to the wall.

RAFI

Pervaneh!

CALIPH

Ecstasy! Ecstasy! Thou art an ecstatic and wilt not suffer.

I know the thick skin of martyrs. I refuse.

PERVANEH

(To RAFI) Alas, what can I do!

RAFI

Let me die! I have seen you again. It is nothing for a man to die.

PERVANEH

Nothing for a man to die? 'Tis Heaven wide open for a man to die.

But they will tear you, Rafi, Rafi!

RAFI Shall I fear the pain you called upon yourself, or shrink where you were brave?

PERVANEH

(To the CALIPH) I ask so small a boon. Grant my lover a clean death!

CALIPH Thou dost ask a very great boon indeed. For as thou sayest, what is death? Shall the man who shakes my kingdom slip into eternity like a thief men catch in the bazaar? Shall he who does the greater wrong not suffer the greater pain?

PERVANEH

He is not afraid of pain.

CALIPH

That is not to say he feels not pain.

PERVANEH

Just and reasonable, yet there is a holier thing than reason and justice.

DERVISH

(His orthodoxy disturbed) A holier thing than justice?

PERVANEH

Yes, Dervish. There is that which should not be defiled.

CALIPH

Whither now does thy plea wander?

PERVANEH O Father of Islam, can thine eyes that love flowers behold man's body hewn into foul shapes and monstrous as the phantoms that go wailing round the graves? Can thy ears that love the music of Ishak, listen to the gasps of the tormented droning through their bodies like a winter wind among the pines?

CALIPH I shall not honour Rafi with my attendance: I shall be far from sight and sound.

PERVANEH

The thought of it—the thought of it!

CALIPH I have been ordering executions all my life. There is only one thought that can haunt me—the thought of a coffin closing on open eyes, the sway of the coffin carried to the grave, the crash at the bottom of the pit, the rumble of earth on the lid, the gasping for breath and light.

PERVANEH He was distraught by passion, he spoke in fury: but thou dost judge him with a quiet mind. He is a man among men, but thou art the representative of God on earth, the sole Priest of Islam. Thou shalt not order God's image to be defiled.

CALIPH So you would have me spare him for the sake of the perfection of man's body? O Pervaneh, I am far more likely to spare him for the perfection of woman's.

PERVANEH

(Shrinking from the implied menace) For those that have wits,

O Master, perfection is sundered from desire.

CALIPH

You are a woman—perfect—but a woman.

PERVANEH

By the curse of God.

CALIPH And however much you sunder perfection from desire, from desire your perfection is not sundered.

PERVANEH I am the slave of thy household to come or go, to fetch or to carry, to be struck or slain; but my perfection is not the slave of your desire.

CALIPH

(Softly) Yet if you return to my household…

PERVANEH

(In fury) To die.

CALIPH You would not be forgotten or neglected…and your presence would be a consolation and a charm….

PERVANEH

Not to you, frigid tyrant, not to you!

CALIPH

(Softly) Nor yet to the one who let your lover go in peace?

PERVANEH Is there no shame in the world of Islam? Will you unclothe your lust in full Divan?

CALIPH

You have already given the example. Come, shall I set your lover free?

PERVANEH I would choke if you touched me, I would choke. Oh, the shame on me, the shame! You are smiling. It is not me you want but my shame! Is there a God in heaven that lets you sit and smile! But you can set him free. Ah, will you set him free? I am your slave—I am your slave. You can rob me of rope and knife—the very means of death. If you will set him free! I am your slave, what choice have I?

CALIPH Thou hast not the manners or the heart of a slave. Thou wast brought to my household by violence, a free woman born, and art no slave of mine. In the presence of my Divan I pronounce thee free. Thou art free to come and free to go, free to buy and free to sell, free to walk out or free to stay, free to wed and free to die— and free to make a choice….

PERVANEH

To make a choice? What choice? Between his death and my dishonour?

CALIPH

No, between love and life.

PERVANEH

Explain, O Master of the World.

CALIPH

Between two deaths with torment and two lives with a separation.

Between a day of love and all the years of life.

PERVANEH

Enlighten my understanding.

CALIPH I have considered this matter. I have decided this matter. I will speak plain and clear. (Rising) This is my irrevocable judgment from which there is no appeal. I give a choice to Pervaneh and Rafi, the King of the Beggars, and I grant them till sunset to consult their hearts and make that choice together. They shall both live on these conditions: that the lady Pervaneh return forthwith to my harem to be my wife in lawful wedlock, and be treated with all the honour her boldness and her beauty merit. That the King of the Beggars leave Bagdad, and that these two lovers part for ever till they die.

But if they refuse this separation, I offer them one day of love, from sunset to-night to sunset on the morrow, unfettered and alone, with no more guard than may keep them from self-destruction. But when that day is over they shall die together in merciless torment.

In the name of Allah the most merciful, the Divan is closed.

CURTAIN

ACT IV

SCENE I

In the vaults of the palace, outside the cell of the KING OF THE BEGGARS.

Drop Scene.

(Enter HASSAN)

HASSAN Which way? Which way? I am lost in this dark passage. My voice rings around the arches. What's that noise? Is there an army coming? Or are all the prisoners stamping with wrath?…No….It is only someone walking….I wonder who! And if this stranger asks me my business what shall I say to him? Do I know what brought me to this dismal region?

ISHAK

(From the darkness) Who goes there? Who goes there? What dost thou here?

What is thy business?

HASSAN

Who calls? I am Hassan, inspecting the security of the imperial prisons.

Who art thou?

ISHAK Who am I? Ten books were written by Aflatun and twenty by Aristu to answer that mighty question, O Hassan of my heart.

HASSAN

Ishak! Come out of hiding, Ishak. What are you doing here?

ISHAK

I gather mushrooms, O inspector of the vaults of vice!

HASSAN Have you come too? I do not know why I came. I hoped…I do not know why I came, but I think our hearts do beat together like the hearts of friends. Did you come here because of them?

ISHAK I came here to hear a play more tragic than the mysteries of Hossein, to listen to a debate more weighty than the council talk of kings….

HASSAN

You do not mean?…

ISHAK

I mean the debate of love and life.

HASSAN

Could you spy on that? How cruel!

ISHAK

The poet must learn what man's agony can teach him.

HASSAN

Is it then not better not to be a poet?

ISHAK (Bitterly) Allah did not ask me that question when he made me a poet and a dissector of souls. It is my trade: I do but follow my master, the exalted Designer of human carpets, the Ruler of the world. If he prepared the situation, shall I not observe the characters? Thus I corrupt my soul to create—Allah knoweth what—ten little words like rubies in a row. As for you, I think you begin to understand the Caliph of the Faithful.

HASSAN

Why speak of him? All men are brutes, you and he and I.

I thought that I was kinder than other men—but I was only more afraid.

This day is the first day of my exaltation, I have begun it

the all but murderer of a woman, and I end it a spy on souls in trouble.

ISHAK

Do not worry any longer, dear Hassan, on the moral problem.

The moths of curiosity will always flutter round the lamp of circumstances.

Here comes the Guard, they shall direct us.

(Enter 2 GUARDS)

ISHAK

(To the GUARD) Ho, soldier, whither?

Ist GUARD (Saluting) To the cell of the King of the Beggars, my masters, to relieve the Guard.

ISHAK

What, will you stand inside the cell?

Ist GUARD

Inside, O my masters.

ISHAK A shame, I say, a shame to spy on a pair of lovers. Will they fly off through the keyhole?

Ist GUARD

We know the ways of prisoners, O my masters. Masrur is disappointed

when we bring him corpses to be whipped.

(To 2nd GUARD) Is he not disappointed, Mohamed?

2nd GUARD (In deep, lugubrious and respectful tones) Oh, sir, he is bitterly disappointed.

ISHAK Well, it is your fault, my fine fellows, if you leave daggers and ropes lying about in your prisoners' cells.

Ist GUARD

Ah, you do not know the artfulness of prisoners, my masters.

They will bang their heads against the wall, or they will eat their straw.

(To 2nd GUARD) Do they not eat their straw, Mohamed?

2nd GUARD

(To ISHAK) Oh sir, they frequently eat their straw.

ISHAK

Chain them, chain them.

Ist GUARD

We do, my masters, but even then they strangle themselves in their fetters.

ISHAK

Strangle themselves in their fetters?

Ist GUARD

Do they not strangle themselves in their fetters, Mohamed.

2nd GUARD

(To ISHAK) I have known them, sir, to strangle themselves in their fetters.

ISHAK But, as you know, these two have a choice between a life with separation and a death with torment. Now surely they will choose life, and will hardly need a sentry to spear them away from the doorstep of eternity.

Ist GUARD

I should think so indeed, sir. But you never can tell with prisoners.

Prisoners are very obstinate, especially women, are they not Mohamed?

2nd GUARD

(To ISHAK) Female prisoners are very obstinate, sir.

ISHAK (With assumed heartiness) Well, none of us would require till sunset to make our choice, would we?

Ist GUARD

No, sir, not those of us who have ever seen Masrur at work.

ISHAK But if they do choose their day of love, will they still not be free according to the Caliph's promise? Will you still guard them in their cell, O sons of impropriety, lest they eat their straw?

Ist GUARD

(With a leer) Nay, we shall stand outside the door and listen at the grill.

ISHAK

And that is precisely what we intend to do now if you will show us the door.

Ist GUARD

I don't know whether I could quite do that, sir.

ISHAK (Giving him money) You are valiant fellows and, I am convinced, considerably underpaid.

Ist GUARD

Ours is a most disagreeable profession. your Excellency.

2nd GUARD

(Accepting money) And the emoluments are infinitesimal.

Ist GUARD

This way, gentlemen.

(Shews them to the door.)

SCENE II

A cell. A grating through which streams the sunlight. A heavy door with a narrow spyhole. RAFI is fettered to the wall, but PERVANEH has not been bound. TWO GUARDS stand immobile on either side of the door,

RAFI They have changed our guard for the last time, it will be sunset in an hour.

PERVANEH

Still a long hour before your hands are freed to make me a belt of love.

O idle sun, I am weary of thy pattern on the wall. Still a long hour!

RAFI

And still a night and a day before our doom.

PERVANEH Why is your voice so sorrowful? Your words do not keep step with your decision nor march like standard-bearers of your great resolve.

PERVANEH What have I decided? What have I resolved? You came near. I saw the wings of your spirit beating the air around you. You locked the silver fetters around my neck and I forgot these manacles of iron: you perfumed me with your hair till this cell became a meadow: you turned toward me eyes in whose night the seven deep oceans flashed their drowned stars, and all your body asked without speech, "Wilt thou die for love?"

PERVANEH

Do you repent? Do you unsay the golden words?

RAFI

Put but your lips on mine and seal my words against unsaying.

PERVANEH

I did wrong to make you passionate. I see that in your heart you do repent.

I would not have you bound by a moment's madness but wish

with all your reason and with all your soul.

RAFI

Ah, stand apart and veil your face, you who call in the name of reason!

You are all afire for martyrdom: can you hear reason calling from her snows?

Oh, you woman, Allah curse you for blinding my eyes with love!

PERVANEH

Ah, Rafi!

RAFI Be silent—be silent! Your voice is the voice of a garden at daybreak, when all the birds are singing at the sun. Forget your whirling dreams, your fires, your lightnings, your splendours of the soul, and answer the passionless voice that asks you—why should your lover die, and such a death?

PERVANEH

I am listening.

RAFI I am very young. Shall I forget to laugh if I continue to live? Shall I spend all my hours regretting you? Shall I not return to my country and comfort the hearts of those that gave me birth? Have I not my white-walled house, my books, my old friends, my garden of flowers and trees? Has the stream forgotten to sing at the end of my garden because Pervaneh comes no more?

"Love fades," saith Reason, with a gentler voice. "Love fades but doth not fall. Love fadeth not to yellow like the rose but to gold like the leaves upon the poplar by the stream." And when my poplars are all gold, I shall sit beneath their shade beside the stream to read my book. When I am tired of my book I will lie on my back and watch the clouds. There in the clouds I shall see your face, and remember you with a wistful remembrance as if you had always been a dream and the silver torment of your arms had never been more than the white mists circling the round mountain snows.

PERVANEH (With growing anger) And so, wrapped in pleasant fancies, you will forget the woman you have sold to a tyrant. And so, while I, far from my country and my home, am dying of shame and confinement, you will dream and you will dream!

RAFI The plague on your dishonour! You are to be the Caliph's wife. Is that not held for the highest honour to which a woman can attain? Is that worse shame than being flayed by a foul negro? The shame! the selling! the dishonour! A woman's vanity: am I to be tortured to death to gratify your pride? If I must not have you, do I care whose wife you are? I shall remember you as you are now— rock water undefiled.

PERVANEH

Cold and heartless coward; you are afraid of death!

RAFI By Allah, I am afraid of death, and the man who fears not death is a dullard and a fool! Are we still making speeches in full Divan to the admiration of the by-standers? Must we pose even now! If you hate me for fearing death, go your way and leave this coward. Ah, no, no, do not leave me, O Pervaneh! Forgive me that I am what I am. I have not unsaid my promise. I will die with you. I will die! I will endure the tortures that are thrice as terrible as death, the tortures that parch my mouth with fear.

PERVANEH

Shame on you, weak and shivering lover! What is pain for us?

RAFI You do not see—you do not see! Look at your hands, they shall be torn— ah, I cannot speak of it. I shall see your blood flow like wine from a white fountain drop by drop till you have painted the carpet of execution all red lilies.

PERVANEH Ah—but will not even your poor love flow deep when I set that crimson seal upon the story of our lives!

RAFI Alas, you are still dreaming: you are still blind with exaltation: your speech is a metaphor. You do not see, you have never heard the high, thin shriek of the tortured, you have not seen the shape of their bodies when they are cast into the ditch. Come near, Pervaneh. Do you know what they will do to you? Come near: I cannot say it aloud. (PERVANEH approaches.) Ah, I dare not tell you…I dare not tell you!

PERVANEH

Tell me, plain and clear.

RAFI

(Whispers in PERVANEH's ear)…

PERVANEH

(Covering her face with her hands) Ah, God—they will not do that!

No, no; they will not do that to me.

RAFI

Pitilessly.

PERVANEH

(Wildly) They will do that!—Ah, the shame of it! They will do that—

Ah the pain of it! I see! I feel! I hear! O save me, Rafi!

RAFI

Alas! Why did I tell you this?

PERVANEH It is beyond endurance: it is foul: my veins will burst at the very thought. I am between a shame and a shame and there is no escape….But at least they shall not do this to you, Rafi. Hush…talk low: the soldiers must not hear. (Glancing at the GUARDs and whispering low) Will you die here between my hands, instantly, and with no pain?

RAFI (In a hushed voice) Quickly! How can you do it? We are guarded— have you a knife?

PERVANEH My hands will be cunning round your neck, beloved. Did I not say you should die between my hands?

RAFI

Be quick: be quiet: I will cast back my head.

A GUARD (Thrusting PERVANEH back with his drawn sword as she lays her hands on her lover's neck) Back, in the Caliph's name!

RAFI

(To PERVANEH) Run in upon his sword….

PERVANEH

(Shrinking away from the GUARD's sword) I cannot!

RAFI

Quick—quick! Fall on the sword and save all shame.

PERVANEH

My breast, my breast: I am afraid…(Prostrate on the ground)

I am utterly shamed—I have missed your death and mine.

RAFI

You have flinched.

PERVANEH The point was on my breast, and it might have been all ended for you and me.

RAFI

You have been afraid.

PERVANEH

It would have driven to my heart. Ah, the woman that I am!

RAFI

It is so small a thing, a pricking of the steel.

PERVANEH

Ah!—it is a little thing, you say? It is like ice, so sharp and cold.

I am a vile coward.

RAFI We are both cowards, you and I. The sunlight changes on the wall from white to gold. It is evening. Our time has come. Shall we choose life? Shall we choose the sky and the sea, the mountains, the rivers and the plains? Shall we choose the flowers and the bees, and all the birds of heaven? Shall we choose laughter and tears, sorrow and desire, speech and silence, and the shout of the man behind the hill?

PERVANEH

Ah, empty, empty without your heart! (She weeps.)

RAFI

Empty as death, Pervaneh, empty as death?

PERVANEH

The wall reddens: the last minute has come: we must choose.

RAFI Choose for me: I follow. Did I talk of life? My heart is breaking for desire of you. If you bid me depart I will not live without you. Choose for me—and choose well. Phantoms of pain! Let me but have you in my arms, and one day of love shall widen into eternity. Who knows? The earth may crack to-night, or the sun stay down for ever in his grave. Who knows—tomorrow—God will begin and finish the judgment of the world—and when it is all over find you sleeping in my arms?

PERVANEH (Rising slowly to her feet and laying her hands on the shoulders of her lover): Oh, let us die! Not for my dishonour, Rafi. What is my dishonour to me or to you, beloved, or the shame of a girl's virginity to him who made the sea? This clay of mine is fair enough, I think, but God hath cast it in the common mould. O lover, lover, I would walk beneath the walls and sell my body to the gipsy and the Jew ere you should cry "I am hungry" or "I am cold."

RAFI

Die for love of me—for a day and a night of love!

PERVANEH I die for love of you, Rafi! Behold, the Spirit grows bright around you: you are one with the Eternal Lover, the Friend of the World. His spirit flashes in thine eyes and hovers round thy lips: thy body is all fire!

RAFI

Comfort me, comfort me! I do not understand thy dreams.

PERVANEH (Her arms stiffening in ecstasy) The splendour pours from the window— the spirits in red and gold. Death with thee, O lover, death for thee, death to attain thee, O lover—and then the garden—then the fountain— then the walking side by side.

RAFI

O my sweet life, O my sweet life—must this mad dreaming end thee?

PERVANEH Sweet life—we die for thy sweetness, O Lord of the Garden of Peace. Come, love, and die for the fire that beats within us, for the air that blows around us, for the mountains of our country and the wind among their pines you and I accept torture and confront our end. We are in the service of the World. The voice of the rolling deep is shouting: "Suffer that my waves may moan." The company of the stars sing out: "Be brave that we may shine." The spirits of children not yet born whisper as they crowd around us: "Endure that we may conquer."

RAFI

Pervaneh, Pervaneh!

PERVANEH

Hark! Hark!—down through the spheres—the Trumpeter of Immortality!

"Die, lest I be shamed, lovers. Die, lest I be shamed!"

RAFI Die then, Pervaneh, for thy great reasons. Me no ecstasy can help through the hours of pain. I die for love alone.

HERALD

(Entering) The Caliph demands your choice.

RAFI

Death!

HASSAN

(Bursting in) No, no. O God!

ISHAK

They have chosen too well.

(Exit HERALD. PERVANEH is still in ecstasy when the curtain falls.)

END OF ACT IV

ACT V

SCENE I

Towards the sunset of the next day. The CALIPH's garden (ACT III, SCENE I) once more.

(Enter the CALIPH with ATTENDANTS as HASSAN comes from his pavilion.)

CALIPH We were coming to your door to seek you, Hassan, but you anticipated the knock of doubt by the shock of appearance. Why have you left your house before the nightingale? Will you too sing to the dawning moon? If so—we have come to hear.

HASSAN Oh, Master of the World—the hour of the nightingale has not yet come. I have sought thee all day, O Master, and could not find thee. Thou didst hold the Divan—thou wast hunting—thou wast asleep— thou wast at dinner—and now the hour is near, O Master of the World— but not yet come.

CALIPH

What hour?

HASSAN The hour of the nightingale: the hour when sun and moon are weighed in the silver scales of heaven: and thy scale of justice moves downward with the sun.

CALIPH Surely thy head is full of fancies and thy mood perverse. I cannot grasp the shadow of thy meaning.

HASSAN (Throwing himself at the CALIPH's feet) O Master of the World, have mercy on Pervaneh and Rafi!

CALIPH What—those two? Let them have mercy on themselves. They have chosen death as I am told. The woman has paid me the compliment of preferring torture with her Rafi to a marriage with myself. They have had a pleasant day together. Exquisite food was placed before them and the surveillance was discreet. They will now pass a less pleasant evening.

HASSAN

Let not the woman be tortured: have mercy on the woman.

CALIPH Rise you fantastic supplicant. Do you dare ask mercy for these insolent and dangerous folk whose life was in their own hands— who have themselves pulled down the cord of the rat-trap of destruction?

HASSAN Had you but heard them—had you but watched as I did while they made that awful choice, you would have forgotten expediency, justice, revenge, and listened only to the appeal of the anguish of their souls!

CALIPH

I doubt it!

HASSAN They chose so well! They are so young. So terribly in love. I have not slept, I have not eaten, Master! I take no pleasure in my house and garden. I see blood on my walls, blood on my carpet, blood in the fountain, blood in the sky!

CALIPH

Well, well, I will leave you to these agreeable delusions.

Abu Nawas has found me a young Kurdish girl who can dance

with one leg round her neck, and knows by heart the song of Alexander.

I perceive you will be no fit companion for an evening's sport.

HASSAN

It is only for the torture I speak: it is only for the woman I implore.

Say but one word: the sun will set so soon.

CALIPH

(Angrily) If thou and Ishak, and Jafar and the Governors

of all the provinces were prostrate with supplication before me,

I would not spare her one caress of Masrur's black hand.

HASSAN (Springing to his feet and making at the CALIPH) Hideous tyrant, torturer from Hell!

CALIPH (Coolly, as GUARDS seize HASSAN) You surprise me. Since when have confectioners become so tigerish in their deportment?

HASSAN

(Terrfied) What have I said! What have I done!

CALIPH

There speaks the old confectioner again.

HASSAN

I am not ashamed to be a confectioner, but I am ashamed to be a coward.

CALIPH Do not despair, good Hassan. You would not take my warning: you have left the Garden of Art for the Palace of Action: you have troubled your head with the tyranny of princes, and the wind of complication is blowing through your shirt. You will forfeit your house and be banished from the Garden, for you are not fit to be the friend of kings. But for the rest, since you did me great service the other night, go in peace, and all the confectionery of the Palace will be ordered at your shop.

HASSAN

Master, for this mercy, I thank you humbly.

CALIPH For nothing—for nothing. I make allowance for the purple thread of madness woven in the camel-cloth of your character. I know your head is affected by a caloric afternoon. Indeed, I sympathise with the interest you have shown as to the fate of Pervaneh and Rafi, and as a mark of favour I offer you a place among the spectators of their execution.

HASSAN

Ah, no, no!—that I could never bear to see!

CALIPH Moreover, as a special token of my esteem, I will not send you to the execution—I will bring the execution here, and have it held in your honour. You dreamt that your walls were sweating blood. I will fulfil the prophecy implied and make the dream come true.

HASSAN

I shall never sleep again!

CALIPH (To ATTENDANT) Take my ring; go to the postern gate, intercept the procession of Protracted Death, and bid Masrur bring his prisoners to this pavilion and slay them on the carpet he shall find within the walls.

HASSAN Master! Master! Is it not enough? I must go back to my trade and the filth of the Bazaar: I must be a poor man again and the fool of poor men. "Look at Hassan," men will say, "he has had his day of greatness: look at that greasy person: he has been clothed in gold: let us therefore go and insult the man who was once the Caliph's friend: let us draw moral lessons from him on the mutability of human affairs." But I, disregarding their jeers and insolent compassion, wrapping my body in my cloak and my soul in contemplation, would have remembered my day of pride, this Garden of Great Peace, this Fountain of Charm, this Pavilion of Beatitude: I would have recollected that I once had talked with Poets of the art of poetry, and owned slaves as pretty as their names. Preserve, preserve for me, O Master of the World, this palmgrove of memory in the desert of my affliction. Defile not this happy place with blood. Let not the trees that heard thee but yesterday call me Friend bow their heads beneath the wind of anguish: let not the threshold which I have crossed blossom out with blood! Spare me, spare me from hearing that which will haunt me for ever and ever—the moan of that white woman!

CALIPH (To GUARDS) Do not release him till the end. See that he keeps his eyes well opened, and feasts them to the fill.

(Exit CALIPH and train.)

(The song of the MUEZZIN is heard, "La Allah illa Allah," etc.)

HASSAN

The sun has set. Guards, O Guards! (No answer) It is the hour of prayer,

do you not pray? I have still a little treasure. (No answer from the GUARDS)

Are you dumb? (GUARDS nod) But why are you not deaf?

(GUARDS point to their tongues) Ah—your tongues have been torn out!

(GUARD points to window of the pavilion)

What do you point at?… Ah, Yasmin!

YASMIN I have seen and heard behind the lattice. Hassan has fallen from power and favour.

HASSAN

(Crazily) Ah, good, very good, surpassing good! You are at the window—

I am in the street. This is a reflection of that. As swans go double

in a river, so do events come drifting down our lives. Again, again!

Bow down thy head, O burning bright! for one night or the other

night

Will come the gardener in white, and gathered flowers are dead,

Yasmin!

Come now, a sweet lie first, Yasmin: sing a little how you love me. Show me your beauty limb by limb—then bring, ah, bring your new lover— mock my moon-touched verses and call me the fool, the old fool, the weary fool I am.

YASMIN I will not yet call Hassan a fool. Hassan has fallen from power, but he need not fall from riches. The Palace Confectioner Hassan, may still become the richest merchant in Bagdad.

HASSAN

Thou harlot, thou harlot, thou harlot!

YASMIN

Why art thou angry? In what have I insulted thee?

HASSAN

Oh, if it were thou about to suffer! If it were thou!

YASMIN (Staring across the garden and forgetting HASSAN) At last, at last!— the Procession of Protracted Death! I shall see it all!

(A deep red afterglow illumines the back of the garden. Across the garden towards the door of the pavilion moves in black silhouettes the Procession of Protracted Death, of which the order is this:)

MASRUR, naked, with his scimitar.

Four assistant torturers in black holding steel implements.

Two men in armour bearing a lighted brazier slung between them on a pole.

Two men bearing a monstrous wheel.

Four men carrying the rack.

A man with a hammer and a whip.

PERVANEH and RAFI, half naked, pulling a cart that bears their coffins:

their legs drag great chains.

Behind each of them walks a soldier with uplifted sword.

MASRUR knocks at the door of the Pavilion: the SLAVES open and flee in terror at the sight. The light of the brazier glows through the window. The SOLDIERS who guard PERVANEH and RAFI unhook the chains that chain them to the cart, and placing their hands on the necks of the prisoners push them in. The four SLAVES of the house then appear under the guidance of the man with the whip and lift in the coffins. Lastly, HASSAN is taken by his two GUARDS and forced to enter. The stage grows absolutely dark, save for the shining of the light from the windows. In the silence rises the splashing of the fountain and the whirring and whirling of a wheel. The sounds blend and grow unendurably insistent, and with them music begins to play softly. A cry of pain is half smothered by the violins. At last the silver light of the moon floods the garden.

HASSAN, thrust forth by his GUARDS, appears at the door of the pavilion. His face is white and haggard: he totters a few steps and finally falls in a faint in the shadow of the fountain. The coffins are brought out, nailed down, and placed in a cart.

(The SOLDIERS pull the cart in place of the prisoners, and what remains of the procession departs in reverse order. MASRUR only has lingered by the door. YASMIN is clutching at his arm.)

YASMIN

Masrur—thou dark Masrur.

MASRUR

Allah—the woman.

YASMIN

How you smell of blood.

MASRUR

And you of roses.

YASMIN I laughed to see them writhe—I laughed, I laughed, as I watched behind the curtain. Why did you drink his veins?

MASRUR

A vow.

YASMIN

Will you not drink mine also?

MASRUR

Shall I put my arms around you?

YASMIN

Your arms are walls of black and shining stone.

Your breast is the castle of the night.

MASRUR

Little white moth, I will crush you to my heart.

YASMIN

(With a sudden cry of terror, struggling from his embrace a moment after)

Ah, let me go. Do you hear them?… Do you hear them?…

MASRUR

What is there to hear but the noises of the night?

YASMIN

(Springing away) The flowers are talking…the garden is alive…

(She falls.)

MASRUR

(Stooping the carry her) She loves blood and is frightened of the moon.

She is smooth and white, I will take her home.

(Enter ISHAK searching for HASSAN.)

ISHAK Hassan—where doth he lie? Hassan, O Hassan. Thou hast broken that gentle heart, Haroun, and I have broken my lute: I play no more for thee. Ah, why did they not tell me sooner— I fear his reason may have fled before I find him: he may be wandering in the streets to-night like Death, and tearing at his eyes. Hassan, oh, Hassan!

It is he: he lies just as I first saw him: beneath a fountain, face toward the moon. His life is rhyming like a song: it harks back to the old refrain. Is life a mirror wherein events show double?

HASSAN

(Half waking from his swoon) Swans that drift into the mist….

ISHAK

(Bending over him to raise him) Friend, I am glad to hear thy voice.

Rise, rise, thou art in a pitiable case.

HASSAN

(Faintly) Let me lie….This place is quiet, and the earth smells cool.

May I never rise till they lift me aboard my coffin,

and I'll go a sailing down the river and out to sea.

ISHAK You are alive—no one will hurt you: you hold to your reason and fight despair.

HASSAN

And in that sea are no red fish….

ISHAK

Come: rise: be brave: I know you have suffered.

HASSAN

She was brave. Ah, her hands, her hands!

ISHAK

Do not tell me that tale.

HASSAN You are a poet. They cut off her lover's head and poured blood upon her eyes!

ISHAK

Be silent. You are full of devils. I tell you, it is not true.

Stop dreaming: look into my eyes: listen!

(Bells are heard without the garden.)

You hear? The camels are being driven to the Gate of the Moon. At midnight starts the great summer caravan for the cities of the Far North East, divine Bokhara and happy Samarkand. It is a desert path as yellow as the bright sea-shore: therefore the Pilgrims call it The Golden Journey.

HASSAN

And what of that to you or me, your Golden Journey to Samarkand?

ISHAK I am leaving this city of slaves, this Bagdad of fornication. I have broken my lute and will write no more qasidahs in praise of the generosity of kings. I will try the barren road, and listen for the voice of the emptiness of earth. And you shall walk beside me.

HASSAN I?

ISHAK

Rise, and confide to me once more the direction of your way.

HASSAN

(Rising with ISHAK's aid) Why save me from a death desired?

What am I to you or to any man living? Why would you force me

like a fate to live?

ISHAK

Because I am your friend, and need you.

HASSAN

Oh, Ishak, singer of songs!

ISHAK

Prepare for travel.

HASSAN

I have no possessions.

ISHAK O pilgrim! O true pilgrim! I have dinars of gold: we will furnish ourselves at the gate, and change these silks of indolence for the camel-hair of toil. But have you not one thing in your house to take— no one single thing?

HASSAN

(With a great shudder) Within that door—nothing.

But I have one old carpet that still lies in my shop.

Its gentle flowers the negro has not defiled.

And yet I dare not seek it.

ISHAK I will bring it you. You shall stretch it out upon the desert when you say your evening prayer, and it will be a little meadow in the waste of sand.

HASSAN

(Seizing ISHAK on a sudden panic) Keep close to me: do not leave me!

The night is growing wild!

ISHAK

Hold to your reason! It is all stars and moon and crystal peace.

HASSAN The trees are moving without a wind…the flowers are talking… the stars are growing bigger….

ISHAK

Be calm, there is nothing.

(The fountain runs red.)

HASSAN

The fountain—the fountain!

ISHAK

Oh! alas! it is pouring blood! Come away.

HASSAN

The Garden is alive!

ISHAK

Come away: it is haunted! Come away: come away! Follow the bells!

(Exeunt in terror.)

(The GHOST of the Artist of the Fountain rises from the fountain itself in pale Byzantine robes.)

FOUNTAIN GHOST The garden to the ghosts. Come forth, new brother and new sister. Come forth while enough of earth's heavy influence remains upon you— to speak and to be seen. Come forth, and those who are past shall dance with those who are to come.

GHOST OF RAFI (With the voice of RAFI, the clothes of RAFI, the broken fetters of RAFI, but pale…as death) We are here, O Shadow of the Fountain.

FOUNTAIN GHOST

Welcome, thou and thy white lady to these…haunts.

Wander at will. I have scared away the sons of flesh.

GHOST OF RAFI

How were they scared, those two?

FOUNTAIN GHOST When the water turned from white to red their faces turned from red to white. They ran!

GHOST HIDDEN IN THE TREES

Ha! ha!

GHOST OF PERVANEH

Tell us, O Man of the Fountain, what shall we do?

FOUNTAIN GHOST

Nothing: you are dead.

GHOST OF PERVANEH Shall we stay in this garden and be lovers still, and fly in the air and flit among the leaves?

FOUNTAIN GHOST As long as you remember what you suffered, you will stay near the house where your blood was shed.

GHOST OF PERVANEH

We will remember that ten thousand years.

FOUNTAIN GHOST

You have forgotten that you are a Spirit.

The memories of the dead are thinner than their dreams.

GHOST OF PERVANEH

But you stay here, by the fountain.

FOUNTAIN GHOST

I created the fountain: what have you created in the world?

GHOST OF PERVANEH

Nothing but the story of our lives.

FOUNTAIN GHOST That will not save you. You were spiritual even in life. I see it by the great shadows of your eyes. But I cared only for the earth. I loved the veins of the leaves, the shapes of crawling beasts, the puddle in the road, the feel of wood and stone. I knew the shapes of things so well that my sculpture was the best in the world. Therefore my spirit is still heavy with memories of earth and I stay in the world I love. Do I desire to see the back of the moon?

GHOST OF PERVANEH

May not we stay also? May I not touch the shadow of his lips

and hear the whisper of his love? Shall we be driven from here,

O Man of the fountain?

FOUNTAIN GHOST

How do I know? Can I foresee?

GHOST OF PERVANEH Thou, too dost not foresee. But what of Paradise, what of Infinity— what of the stars, and what of us?

FOUNTAIN GHOST

I know no more than you.

GHOST OF PERVANEH

Is the secret secret still, and this existence darker than the last?

FOUNTAIN GHOST Didst thou hope for a revelation? Why should the dead be wiser than the living? The dead know only this—that it was better to be alive.

GHOST OF PERVANEH

But we shall feel no more pain—Oh, no more pain, Rafi!

FOUNTAIN GHOST

But you will feel so cold.

GHOST OF PERVANEH

With the fire of love within us?

FOUNTAIN GHOST

You will forget when the wind blows.

GHOST OF PERVANEH

Forget! Rafi, Rafi, shall we forget, Rafi?

GHOST OF RAFI

(In a thin voice like an echo)

Forget…Rafi…

FOUNTAIN GHOST You will forget, when the great wind blows you asunder and you are borne on it with ten million others like drops on a wave of air.

GHOST OF PERVANEH There is a faith in me that tells I shall not forget my lover though God forget the world. And where will the wind take us?

FOUNTAIN GHOST

What do I know, or they? I only know it rushes.

GHOST OF PERVANEH

How do you know about the wind?

FOUNTAIN GHOST

Because it blows through the garden and drives the souls together.

GHOST OF PERVANEH

What souls?

FOUNTAIN GHOST

The souls of the unborn children who live in the flowers.

GHOST OF PERVANEH

And how do you know about the passage of ten million souls?

FOUNTAIN GHOST

They pass like a comet across the midnight skies.

GHOST OF PERVANEH Phantoms shall not make me fear. But what of Justice and Punishment and Reason and Desire? What of the Lover in the Garden of Peace?

FOUNTAIN GHOST

Ask of the wind.

GHOST OF PERVANEH I shall be answered: I know that in the end I shall find the Lover in the Garden of Peace.

VOICES

And what of Life?

GHOST OF PERVANEH

Who asks, What of Life?

FOUNTAIN GHOST

The spirits of those who will soon be born.

VOICES

We have left our flowers. We know we shall soon be born.

What of Life, O dead?

GHOST OF PERVANEH

(With a great cry) Why, Life…is sweet, my children!

(The leaves of the trees begin to rustle.)

FOUNTAIN GHOST

Listen to the tress.

GHOST OF PERVANEH

Is it coming?

FOUNTAIN GHOST

It is the wind. I must go down into the earth.

(The FOUNTAIN GHOST vanishes.)

GHOST OF PERVANEH

Ah, I am cold—I am cold—beloved!

GHOST OF RAFI

(Scarce visible and very faint) Cold…cold.

GHOST OF PERVANEH

Speak to me, speak to me, Rafi.

GHOST OF RAFI

Rafi—Rafi—who was Rafi?

GHOST OF PERVANEH

Speak to thy love—thy love—thy love.

GHOST OF RAFI

Cold…cold…cold.

(The wind sweeps the GHOSTS out of the garden, seeming also to ring more wildly the bells of the Caravan.)

SCENE II

At the Gate of the Moon, Bagdad. Blazing moonlight. MERCHANTS, CAMEL-DRIVERS and their beasts, PILGRIMS, JEWS, WOMEN, all manner of people. By the barred gate stands the WATCHMAN with a great key. Among the pilgrims, HASSAN and ISHAK in the robes of pilgrims.

THE MERCHANTS

(Together)

Away, for we are ready to a man!

Our camels sniff the evening and are glad.

Lead on, O Master of the Caravan,

Lead on the Merchant-Princes of Bagdad.

THE CHIEF DRAPER

Have me not Indian carpets dark as wine,

Turbans and sashes, gowns and bows and veils,

And broideries of intricate design,

And printed hangings in enormous bales?

THE CHIEF GROCER

We have rose-candy, we have spikenard,

Mastic and terebinth and oil and spice,

And such sweet jams meticulously jarred

As God's Own Prophet eats in Paradise.

THE PRINCIPAL JEWS:

And we have manuscripts in peacock styles

By Ali of Damascus: we have swords

Engraved with storks and apes and crocodiles,

And heavy beaten necklaces for lords.

THE MASTER OF THE CARAVAN

But you are nothing but a lot of Jews

PRINCIPAL JEW

Sir, even dogs have daylight, and we pay.

MASTER OF THE CARAVAN

But who are ye in rags and rotten shoes,

You dirty-bearded, blocking up the way?

ISHAK

We are the Pilgrims, master; we shall go

Always a little further; it may be

Beyond that last blue mountain barred with snow

Across that angry or that glimmering sea,

White on a throne or guarded in a cave

There lies a prophet who can understand

Why men were born: but surely we are brave,

Who take the Golden Road to Samarkand.

THE CHIEF MERCHANTS

We gnaw the nail of hurry. Master, away!

ONE OF THE WOMEN

O turn your eyes to where your children stand.

Is not Bagdad the beautiful? O, stay!

MERCHANTS

(In chorus)

We take the Golden Road to Samarkand.

AN OLD MAN

Have you not girls and garlands in your homes?

Eunuchs and Syrian boys at your command?

Seek not excess: God hateth him who roams!

MERCHANTS

(In chorus)

We take the Golden Road to Samarkand.

HASSAN

Sweet to ride forth at evening from the wells

When shadows pass gigantic on the sand,

And softly through the silence beat the bells

Along the Golden Road to Samarkand.

ISHAK

We travel not for trafficking alone;

By hotter winds our fiery hearts are fanned:

For lust of knowing what should not be known,

We take the Golden Road to Samarkand.

MASTER OF THE CARAVAN

Open the gate, O watchman of the night!

THE WATCHMAN

Ho, travellers, I open. For what land

Leave you the dim-moon city of delight?

MERCHANTS

(With a shout)

We take the Golden Road to Samarkand!

(The CARAVAN passes through the gate.)

WATCHMAN

(Consoling the women)

What would ye, ladies? It was ever thus.

Men are unwise and curiously planned.

A WOMAN

They have their dreams, and do not think of us.

(The WATCHMAN closes the gate.)

VOICES OF THE CARAVAN

(In the distance singing)

We take the Golden Road to Samarkand.

CURTAIN

THE END

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Table of Contents

HASSAN:

CHARACTERS

THE STORY OF HASSAN OF BAGDAD

ACT I

SCENE II

CURTAIN

ACT II

SCENE I

SCENE II

CURTAIN ACT III

SCENE I

SCENE II

SCENE III

CURTAIN

ACT IV

SCENE I

SCENE II

END OF ACT IV

ACT V

SCENE I

SCENE II

CURTAIN

THE END

THE FULL PROJECT GUTENBERG LICENSE